(1. 山西大同大學(xué) 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院，大同 037003；
2. 山西大同大學(xué) 炭材料研究所，大同 037009)
摘 要: 鋰離子電池因其優(yōu)異的電化學(xué)性能和力學(xué)性能受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。雖然這些電池已經(jīng)被廣泛使用和商業(yè)化，但研究人員仍在對其電極材料和技術(shù)進(jìn)行廣泛的研究，以提高其安全性、壽命、比容量、能量密度以及降低成本等。石墨烯由于其開放的層結(jié)構(gòu)、特殊的電子結(jié)構(gòu)和優(yōu)異的導(dǎo)電性而廣泛應(yīng)用于鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料。本文從石墨烯的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā)，介紹石墨烯中的缺陷對石墨烯電子結(jié)構(gòu)和儲(chǔ)鋰性能的影響以及相關(guān)研究的最新進(jìn)展，闡明石墨烯微結(jié)構(gòu)和電子結(jié)構(gòu)與作為鋰離子電池負(fù)極材料的電化學(xué)性能之間的關(guān)系。此外，還對石墨烯負(fù)極材料當(dāng)前存在的問題及未來的研究方向進(jìn)行總結(jié)，為鋰離子電池的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用提供指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵字: 石墨烯；缺陷；電子結(jié)構(gòu)；鋰離子；電化學(xué)性能
（1. School of Mechatronical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037003, China;
2. Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China）
Abstract:Lithium-ion batteries have attracted much attention because of their excellent electrochemical and mechanical properties. Although these batteries have been widely used and commercialized, researchers are still conducting extensive research on their electrode materials and technologies to improve safety, lifetime, specific capacity, energy density and lower cost. Graphene has been widely used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its open layer structure, special electronic structure and excellent electrical conductivity. Based on the microstructure of graphene, this paper introduced the effects of defects on the electronic structure and lithium storage performance of graphene as well as the latest progress of related research, clarified the relationship of microstructure, electronic structure and electrochemical performance of graphene as anode material of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the current problems and future research directions of graphene anode materials were summarized, which could provide guidance for the development and application of lithium-ion batteries.
Key words: graphene; defects; electronic structure; lithium ions; electrochemical performance
