(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金節(jié)能減排教育部工程研究中心，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金化工節(jié)能環(huán)保技術(shù)國(guó)家地方聯(lián)合工程研究中心，昆明 650093；
3. 云南銅業(yè)股份有限公司，昆明 650000)
摘 要: 為了高效資源化利用銅火法冶煉過程的銅熔渣固體廢棄物，研究了直接熔融調(diào)控-控溫冷凝注模成型制備陶瓷材料的影響因素。結(jié)果表明：直接熔融炭熱還原分離出銅熔渣中部分有價(jià)金屬鐵、并有效控制熔渣中的組分比例，為熔渣陶瓷化提供了原料的基礎(chǔ)條件，控溫冷卻能有效控制熔渣冷凝過程中的晶粒生長(zhǎng)和晶粒化程度。控溫冷卻的過程如下，先以1~10 ℃/s的冷卻速率快速冷卻至退火溫度500 ℃時(shí)保溫 2 h，再以10 ℃/min的升溫速率升溫至最佳晶化溫度900 ℃時(shí)保溫5 h，隨著爐溫冷卻至室溫，從而制得成型玻璃陶瓷；制備的成型玻璃陶瓷結(jié)構(gòu)致密且平整度良好，抗彎強(qiáng)度可達(dá)42.5 MPa，抗壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)到165.8 MPa。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅熔渣；炭熱還原；控溫冷凝；晶化
（1. Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center for Metallurgical Chemical Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Yunnan Copper Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China）
Abstract:In this paper, the factors directly affecting the production of ceramic materials by melting control and temperature control condensation injection molding were studied in order to efficiently utilize the solid waste resources of copper slag in the process of copper pyrometallurgy. The results show that, directly using molten carbon thermal reduction to separate the valuable metal iron from copper slag and effectively controlling the proportion of components in the slag can provide the basic conditions for slag vitrification; temperature-controlled cooling can effectively control the growth of grain and degree of crystallization in the process of slag condensation. The process of temperature controlled cooling are as follows: firstly, the materials are cooled to 500 ℃ at the rate of 1-10 ℃/s and maintained for 2 h; the materials are heated to 900 ℃ at the rate of 10 ℃/min and maintained for 5 h; then, along with the furnace temperature, the materials are cooled to room temperature and made into glass ceramic materials. The structure of the glass-ceramic materials are compact and smooth, with bending strength of 42.5 MPa and compressive strength of 165.8 MPa.
Key words: copper slag; carbo thermal reduction; temperature-controlled condensation; crystallization
