(1. 中北大學材料科學與工程學院，太原030051；
2. 山西中兵鑄造有限責任公司，大同037006；
3. 山西柴油機工業(yè)有限責任公司，大同037006)
摘 要: 以38CrMo合金鋼和Al-Si-Cu-Mg高強鑄造鋁合金為原料進行固-液復層鑄造。在720℃下進行了5~20min不同時間熱浸鍍純Al、Al-Si合金實驗，制備出界面冶金結合良好的鋼/鋁復層材料。研究熱浸鍍時間、熱浸鍍成分對鋼/鋁界面顯微組織和力學性能的影響。結果表明：熱浸鍍純Al時，界面金屬間化合物為Fe2Al5和FeAl3；熱浸鍍Al-Si合金時，界面金屬間化合物為Fe2Al5和Al8Fe2Si。熱浸鍍純Al、Al-Si合金界面顯微硬度最高分別為535.2HV和580.6HV，剪切強度最大分別為28.4MPa和39.4MPa。熱浸鍍時間相同時，熱浸鍍純Al形成的金屬間化合物層厚度大于熱浸鍍Al-Si合金形成的金屬間化合物層厚度，主要原因是Si元素的存在降低了Fe、Al原子的擴散系數(shù)，阻礙了Fe、Al原子之間的擴散，使金屬間化合物層的生長受到抑制。
關鍵字: 鋼；鋁；熱浸鍍；界面結合；微觀結構；力學性能
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;
2. Shanxi Zhongbing Foundry Co., Ltd., Datong037006, China;
3. Shanxi Diesel Engine Industry Co., Ltd., Datong 037006, China）
Abstract:38CrMo alloy steel and Al-Si-Cu-Mg high strength casting aluminum alloy were used as raw materials for solid-liquid composite casting. The experiments of hot-dip plating pure Al and Al-Si alloy at 720℃ for 5-20min were carried out, and the steel/aluminum composite with good interface metallurgical bonding was prepared. The effects of hot-dip time and hot-dip composition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of steel/aluminum interface were studied. The results show that the interfacial intermetallic compounds are Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 during hot-dip pure aluminum; and the interfacial intermetallic compounds are Fe2Al5 and Al8Fe2Si during hot-dip Al-Si alloy. The thickness of intermetallic compound layer increases with the increase of hot-dip time.The maximum interfacial microhardness of hot-dip pure aluminum and Al-Si alloy are 535.2HV and 580.6HV respectively, and the maximum shear strength are 28.4MPa and 39.4MPa, respectively. At the same hot-dip time, the thickness of intermetallic compound layer formed by hot-dip pure Al is larger than that formed by hot-dip Al-Si alloy, mainly because the existence of Si element reduces the diffusion coefficient of Fe and Al atoms, hinders the diffusion between Fe and Al atoms, and inhibits the growth of intermetallic compound layer.
Key words: steel; aluminum; hot-dip; interface bonding; microstructure; mechanical property
