(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 工業(yè)濕法煉鋅過程中會產(chǎn)生大量鋅浸出渣，選擇性回收其中的鋅成為了研究熱點(diǎn)。本文通過硫酸銨與鋅浸出渣混合焙燒后水浸實(shí)現(xiàn)其中的鐵和鋅分離，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)資源綜合利用。通過研究確定了最優(yōu)焙燒條件，即硫酸銨與鋅浸出渣質(zhì)量比為1.30、焙燒溫度為650 ℃、焙燒時間為240 min。結(jié)果表明，硫酸銨與鐵酸鋅在325~425 ℃時，反應(yīng)生成(NH4)2Zn(SO4)2和NH4Fe(SO4)2；然后在500~650 ℃下，(NH4)2Zn(SO4)2和NH4Fe(SO4)2各自分解生成ZnSO4和Fe2(SO4)3，其中Fe2(SO4)3繼續(xù)分解生成Fe2O3和SO3。在最優(yōu)條件下所得焙燒產(chǎn)物經(jīng)水浸后，鋅的浸出率達(dá)到93.53%，而鐵的浸出率為5.97%，實(shí)現(xiàn)了鋅和鐵的有效選擇性分離。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋅浸出渣；鐵酸鋅；硫酸銨焙燒；鋅；鐵
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In the process of industrial hydrometallurgical zinc smelting, a large amount of zinc leaching residue was produced, and the selective recovery of zinc has become a research hotspot. In this paper, ammonium sulfate and zinc leaching residue were mixed and roasted and then water-leached to achieve the separation of iron and zinc, thereby achieving comprehensive utilization of resources. The optimal roasting conditions are determined through experiments, that is, the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to zinc leaching residue is 1.3, the roasting temperature is 650 ℃, and the roasting time is 240 min. The results show that ammonium sulfate and zinc ferrite will react to form (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 and NH4Fe(SO4)2 at 325-425 ℃, and then at 500-650 ℃, (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 and NH4Fe(SO4)2 respectively decompose to produce ZnSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3, of which Fe2(SO4)3 continues to decompose to produce Fe2O3 and SO3. Under the optimal conditions, the leaching rate of zinc in the calcined product after water leaching reaches 93.53% and that of iron is 5.97%, thus realizing the effective and selective separation of zinc and iron.
Key words: zinc leaching residue; zinc ferrite; ammonium sulfate roasting; zinc; iron
