(1. 有研科技集團(tuán)有限公司 生物冶金國家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 101407；
2. 有研資源環(huán)境技術(shù)研究院(北京)有限公司，北京 101407；
3. 北京有色金屬研究總院，北京 100088；
4. 有研工程技術(shù)研究院有限公司，北京 101407)
摘 要: 在萃取實(shí)踐中發(fā)現(xiàn)，鈷會(huì)對(duì)羥肟萃取劑產(chǎn)生毒化，嚴(yán)重制約鈷萃取冶金的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展。介紹了羥肟萃取體系下鈷萃取的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，詳細(xì)綜述了羥肟萃取體系下鈷的氧化和毒化行為及其機(jī)理，通過對(duì)比分析了鈷在氨性介質(zhì)溶液體系和羥肟萃取體系下的化學(xué)性質(zhì)及行為，闡明鈷對(duì)羥肟萃取劑毒化產(chǎn)生的原因。在此基礎(chǔ)上，重點(diǎn)綜述有機(jī)羧酸和有機(jī)磷酸對(duì)羥肟萃取體系下鈷的毒化的抑制行為及機(jī)理，分析了有機(jī)磷酸/羥肟協(xié)萃體系下毒化被抑制的原因，指出當(dāng)前在鈷對(duì)羥肟萃取劑毒化及其抑制研究方面存在的問題與不足，展望未來該領(lǐng)域有待深入研究的方向與方法，為鈷對(duì)羥肟萃取劑毒化問題的解決提供了理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)方向。
關(guān)鍵字: 羥肟萃取劑；鈷的萃取；毒化；有機(jī)酸；抑制機(jī)制
（1. National Engineering Laboratory of Biometallurgy, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China;
2. GRINMAT Resources and Environment Technology Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 101407, China;
3. General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China;
4. GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China）
Abstract:The poisoning of the extractant caused by cobalt was observed during cobalt extraction process, which severely restrict the application of hydroxyoxime extractant and the further growth of cobalt extraction. This article introduces the development status of cobalt extraction with hydroxyoxime extractants. The oxidation and poisoning behaviors and mechanisms of cobalt under hydroxyoxime extraction system in detail were reviewed. Comparative analyses of the chemical properties and behavior of cobalt in ammonia and hydroxyoxime organic solution were conducted, and the cause of poisoning of hydroxyoxime extractants by cobalt was clarified. On this basis, the inhibition behaviors and mechanisms of the poisoning organic carboxylic acid and phosphoric acid with the hydroxyoxime extraction system were reviewed emphatically, the reasons why the poisoning inhibited with phosphoric acid/hydroxyoxime synergistic extraction systems were analyzed. The current problems and deficiencies of poisoning of hydroxyoxime extractants caused by cobalt and its inhibitions are pointed out. Finally, the paper looks forward to the future directions and methods for in-depth research in this field, which provides a theoretical basis and guidance for solving the problem of poisoning of hydroxyoxime extractants caused by cobalt.
Key words: hydroxyoxime extractant; cobalt extraction; poisoning; organic acid; inhibition mechanism
