(江西理工大學 綠色冶金與過程強化研究所，贛州 341000)
摘 要: 研究了高硅白合金硫酸氧化體系下銅的浸出工藝與動力學。首先采用可控制變量法，通過單因素實驗，系統(tǒng)研究了添加劑、硫酸濃度、反應溫度、反應時間和液固比對銅鈷浸出率的影響，其次通過X射線衍射(XRD)、電感耦合等離子體(ICP)和掃描電鏡-能譜(SEM-EDS)對高硅白合金和浸出渣的物相及化學成分進行了分析對比。結果表明：在次氯酸鈉用量5 mL、浸出溫度343 K、反應時間5 h、硫酸濃度200 g/L、液固比7:1的工藝條件下，銅的浸出率可達99.42%，鈷的浸出率可達到97.57%。最后，通過對高硅白合金硫酸氧化浸出提取銅的動力學模型的分析可知，活化能、硫酸濃度和粒度的反應級數(shù)分別為34.64 kJ/mol、2.34和0.18，表明其應遵循化學反應控制的收縮核模型，并建立了相應的動力學方程。
關鍵字: 高硅白合金；硫酸氧化；浸出動力學；混合控制；收縮核模型
（Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China）
Abstract:The leaching process and kinetics of copper in high silicon white alloy sulfuric acid oxidation system were studied. Firstly, the effects of additives, sulfuric acid concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and liquid-solid ratio on the leaching rate of copper and cobalt were systematically studied by single factor experiment. Secondly, the phase and chemical composition of high silicon white alloy and leaching slag were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). The results show that the copper and cobalt leaching rate reach 99.42% and 97.57%, respectively, under the conditions of 5 mL in sodium hypochlorite, 343 K in leaching temperature, 5 h in reaction time, 200 g/L in sulfuric acid concentration and 7:1 in liquid-solid ratio. Finally, by analyzing the kinetic model of copper extraction from high silicon white alloy by sulfuric acid oxidation leaching, the activation energy, sulfuric acid concentration and particle size reaction order are 34.64 kJ/mol, 2.34 and 0.18, respectively, indicating that it should follow the chemical reaction control of shrinking core model, and establish the corresponding kinetic equation finally.
Key words: high silicon white alloy; sulfuric acid oxidation; leaching kinetics; hybrid control; shrinking core model
