(大連交通大學 連續(xù)擠壓教育部工程研究中心，大連 116028)
摘 要: 縮比與1:1試驗的結果是有偏差的，為認識影響偏差的各因素的作用，利用縮比試驗臺和1:1試驗臺，在制動壓力0.19~0.49 MPa，制動速度50~220 km/h條件下，進行對比試驗。結果表明：縮比制動盤的盤面峰值溫度高于1:1制動盤，溫差隨制動壓力的增加略有降低。平均摩擦因數(shù)的偏差與制動工況有關，制動壓力0.19 MPa時，縮比摩擦副的平均摩擦因數(shù)大于1:1摩擦副的，差值在0.007~0.035之間；制動壓力增加到0.49 MPa時，縮比摩擦副的平均摩擦因數(shù)小于1:1摩擦副的，差值在0.003~0.065之間。兩種摩擦副的溫度和摩擦性能存在偏差的原因在于冷卻條件和摩擦弧長分布的不同，1:1試驗制動盤的通風散熱好、摩擦弧分散性大，使盤面溫度均勻性好于縮比試驗的。在高制動壓力條件下，高溫加劇了縮比條件下摩擦因數(shù)的衰減，導致低于1:1摩擦副的平均摩擦因數(shù)。
關鍵字: 制動；縮比；平均摩擦因數(shù)；溫度
（Continuous Extrusion Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China）
Abstract:There is a deviation between the results of the reduced and the 1:1 test. To understand the effects of various factors, a reduced dynamometer and 1:1 dynamometer were used to conduct a comparative test under the braking pressure 0.19-0.49 MPa and the braking speed 50-220 km/h. The results show that the peak temperature of the reduced brake disc is higher than that of the 1:1 brake disc, and the temperature difference decreases slightly with the increase of the braking pressure. The deviation of the average friction coefficient is related to the braking conditions. The braking pressure is 0.19 MPa, the average friction coefficient of the reduced friction pair is greater than that of the 1:1 friction pair, and the difference is distributed between 0.007-0.035. When the braking pressure is increased to 0.49 MPa, the average friction coefficient of the reduced friction pair is lower than that of the 1:1 friction pair and the difference is distributed between 0.003-0.065. The reason for the deviation of the temperature and friction performance of the two friction pairs is the difference in cooling conditions and friction arc length distribution. The brake disc of the 1:1 test has good ventilation and heat dissipation, and the friction arc is highly dispersive, making the surface temperature uniformity better than that of the reduced test. Under high braking pressure conditions, the high temperature exacerbates the attenuation of the friction coefficient under reduced test, resulting in the average friction coefficient below the average friction coefficient of 1:1 friction pair.
Key words: braking; reduced; average friction coefficient; temperature
