(安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 冶金工程學(xué)院，馬鞍山 243032)
摘 要: 以銅陽極泥分銅液還原所得鉑鈀精礦為原料，根據(jù)其礦物特性選擇HCl作為浸出劑濕法脫除Bi、Fe等主要賤金屬元素，富集Au、Ag、Pt、Pd等貴金屬；通過熱力學(xué)計算繪制Bi(Ⅲ)、Fe(Ⅲ)在鹽酸體系的組分分布圖，實驗考察了HCl濃度、Cl-濃度、反應(yīng)溫度和時間等因素對Bi、Fe浸出率的影響。結(jié)果表明：在HCl濃度為2 mol/L、不添加Cl-、液固比為20:1、50 ℃恒溫反應(yīng)1 h，渣率僅為24.37%，Bi和Fe的浸出率分別達96.24%和93.08%，浸出液中Bi(Ⅲ)和Fe(Ⅲ)分別以[BiCl6]3-和[FeCl2]+絡(luò)合物形式存在，浸出渣的主要成分為Ag、Ti、Fe和Te，含量分別為20.22%、15.25%、5.87%和4.57%，Au、Pt、Pd品位分別為2930 g/t、1980 g/t、1330 g/t，SEM像表明浸出渣呈大小不均的顆粒狀，EDS譜顯示浸出渣中含有Fe、Ti、Ag等金屬元素，XRD結(jié)果顯示渣的主要物相為AgCl，實現(xiàn)鉑鈀精礦中雜質(zhì)的分離及貴金屬的富集。
關(guān)鍵字: 鉑鈀精礦；貴金屬；酸性浸出；富集；浸出率
（School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, China）
Abstract:The platinum palladium concentrate from copper anode slime was used as raw material. According to its mineral characteristics, HCl was selected as leaching agent to remove the main base metals such as Bi, Fe and enrich the precious metals such as Au, Ag, Pt and Pd. The composition distribution of Bi(Ⅲ) and Fe(Ⅲ) in hydrochloric acid system was plotted by thermodynamic calculation. The influences of the concentrations of HCl and Cl-, reaction temperature and time, and other factors leaching on efficiencies of Bi and Fe were investigated experimentally. The results show that the leaching efficiencies of Bi and Fe are 96.24% and 93.08%, respectively, when the HCl concentration is 2 mol/L, no chloride ion is added, the liquid-solid ratio is 20:1 and at 50 ℃ for 1 h. Bi (Ⅲ) and Fe (Ⅲ) in the leaching solution are mainly in the forms of [BiCl6]3- and [FeCl2]+ complexes. The main components of the leaching residue are Ag, Ti, Fe and Te, with the contents of 20.22%, 15.25%, 5.87% and 4.57%. The grades of Au, Pt and Pd are 2930 g/t, 1980 g/t and 1330 g/t. The SEM images show that the leached residue is granular with uneven size. The EDS images show that the leached residue contains Fe, Ti, Ag and other metal elements. The results of XRD show that the main phase of the residue is AgCl, which realizes the separation of impurities and the enrichment of precious metals.
Key words: platinum palladium concentrate; precious metals; acid leaching; enrichment; leaching efficiency
