(1. 大連理工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，大連 116024；
2. 中航工業(yè)西安飛行自動(dòng)控制研究所，西安 710065；
3. 大連理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院，大連 116024)
摘 要: 研究退火態(tài)和冷軋態(tài)C67300錳黃銅合金在油潤(rùn)滑狀態(tài)以及不同加載載荷和轉(zhuǎn)速條件下，與對(duì)磨副GCr15鋼的摩擦磨損性能，并借助一系列表征測(cè)試技術(shù)研究C67300錳黃銅的微觀組織、力學(xué)性能(尤其硬彈比H/E)與摩擦性能的關(guān)聯(lián)。結(jié)果表明：C67300錳黃銅主要由α-Cu(FCC結(jié)構(gòu))固溶體基體、β′-CuZn(B2結(jié)構(gòu))、和硬質(zhì)顆粒ω-Mn5Si3 (D88結(jié)構(gòu))構(gòu)成。冷軋態(tài)C67300錳黃銅的硬度(184 HV)和屈服強(qiáng)度(410 MPa)略高于其退火態(tài)的(137 HV，345 MPa)，從而導(dǎo)致合金的硬彈比(H/E)從0.014增大至0.020。在恒定載荷300 N、不同轉(zhuǎn)速400~700 r/min條件下，冷軋態(tài)和退火態(tài)C67300錳黃銅的摩擦因數(shù)都隨轉(zhuǎn)速增加而降低，即摩擦因數(shù)f從0.06~0.07減小至0.02；而在恒定轉(zhuǎn)速400 r/min、不同施加載荷200~500 N條件下，冷軋態(tài)和退火態(tài)合金摩擦因數(shù)都隨施加載荷增加而增加，如冷軋態(tài)時(shí)摩擦因數(shù)從0.03增大至0.07。在不同試驗(yàn)條件下，冷軋態(tài)C67300錳黃銅的摩擦因數(shù)均低于退火態(tài)的，且變化幅度較小，表現(xiàn)出更佳的耐磨性，這主要是由于冷軋態(tài)C67300錳黃銅的H/E更接近于對(duì)磨副GCr15鋼的H/E=0.035，從而有望通過(guò)提高合金的硬彈比，以實(shí)現(xiàn)與對(duì)磨副合金匹配來(lái)改善材料的耐磨性。
關(guān)鍵字: 錳黃銅合金；預(yù)變形；摩擦；磨損
（1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. The Aviation Industry Corporation of China, Xi’an Flight Automatic Control Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024,China）
Abstract:The present work investigated primarily the friction and wear properties of annealed and cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass against the GCr15 steel (friction pair) under the conditions of different loads and speeds, as well as the oil lubrication. The microstructures, mechanical properties, and friction properties of annealed and cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass were characterized by a series of testing techniques. Experimental results show that the C67300 manganese brass is constituted of α-Cu solid solution matrix with a face-centered-cubic (FCC) structure, plus β′-CuZn with a B2 structure and ω-Mn5Si3 with a D88 structure. The microhardness (184 HV) and yield strength (410 MPa) of cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass are slightly higher than those of annealed alloy (137 HV and 345 MPa), which results in a ratio of microhardness to Young’s modulus of the cold-rolled alloy (H/E=0.02) much higher than that of the annealed (H/E=0.014). The friction coefficients of both annealed and cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass decrease, with the increase of speed from 400 r/min to 700 r/min when fixing the applied load of 300 N, from f=0.06-0.07 to f=0.02. By contrast, the friction coefficients of both annealed and cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass increase with the applied load from 200 N to 500 N when fixing the speed of 400 r/min, as exampled by the fact that the friction coefficient of cold-rolled alloy increases f=0.03 to f=0.07. It is found that a relatively lower friction coefficient always appears in the cold-rolled alloy under any applied conditions, indicating that the cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass possesses a better wear resistance than the annealed. It is mainly ascribed to the fact that the H/E value (H/E=0.02) of cold-rolled C67300 manganese brass is much close to that of the friction pair of GCr15 steel (H/E=0.035), which is expected to improve the wear resistance of alloys by matching the H/E values of friction pairs well.
Key words: C67300 manganese brass; pre-deformation; friction; wear
