(1. 廣東省科學(xué)院 資源綜合利用研究所，廣州 510650；
2. 稀有金屬分離與綜合利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，廣州 510650；
3. 廣東省礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)發(fā)和綜合利用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，廣州 510650)
摘 要: 由膠體轉(zhuǎn)化成因的氧化錳礦物具有獨(dú)特晶體化學(xué)特性，是天然礦物體系中最復(fù)雜的一類礦物。通過(guò)XRD、微區(qū)XRD、SEM和EDS分析，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)北衙金礦氧化帶礦石中各種氧化錳礦物成分和結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)試。結(jié)果表明：在該礦石中存在不同結(jié)構(gòu)的6種氧化錳礦物，包括層狀結(jié)構(gòu)的水鈉錳礦和鈣硬錳礦、一維隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的軟錳礦、二維隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的錳鉛礦和隱鉀錳礦、三維隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的鈣錳礦。金屬離子進(jìn)入氧化錳晶格呈現(xiàn)一定的規(guī)律性：鉛趨向于進(jìn)入具二維和三維大隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的錳鉛礦和鈣錳礦中，銅和鋅的離子半徑較小，進(jìn)入各種氧化錳礦物，在各氧化錳礦物中含量波動(dòng)較大；隱鉀錳礦和水鈉錳礦是礦石中銀的主要富集體。
關(guān)鍵字: 氧化帶金礦；錳礦物類型；晶體化學(xué)；隧道結(jié)構(gòu)；負(fù)載有價(jià)金屬
（1. Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development & Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Guangzhou 510650, China）
Abstract:Amorphous converted manganese oxide minerals, the most complex minerals in the natural mineral system, have unique crystal chemical properties. By means of XRD, MICRO-XRD, SEM and EDS analysis, the composition and structure of various manganese oxide minerals in the oxidation zone of Beiya gold deposit were studied. The results show that there are six kinds of manganese oxide minerals with different structures of the ore, including birnessite and rancieite with layered structure, pyrolusite with 1×1 tunnel structure; coronadite and cryptomelane with 2×2 tunnel structure; todorokite with 3×3 tunnel structure. The metal ions enter the manganese oxide lattice with certain regularity. Lead tends to enter coronadite and todorokite with 2×2 and 3×3 large tunnel structure. The ion radii of copper and zinc are small and can enter various manganese oxide minerals with great fluctuation in content. Cryptomelane and birnessite are the main silver carrier of the ore.
Key words: oxidized gold deposit; manganese minerals types; crystal chemistry; tunnel structure; loaded valuable metals
