(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 中國科學(xué)院 過程工程研究所 濕法冶金清潔生產(chǎn)技術(shù)國家工程實驗室，北京 100190；
3. 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用ICP-OES、XRD和SEM-EDS分別對鎢渣成分、物相及各元素分布狀態(tài)進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明，鎢渣的主要物相為鐵/錳氧化物、硅酸鹽及石英，鉭和鈮主要包裹于含硅、錳物相中。在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了鎢渣稀鹽酸脫硅-濃鹽酸深度脫鐵、錳的鉭鈮酸法富集新方法。考察鎢渣中硅、鐵、錳、鈣和鋁等雜質(zhì)元素的脫除規(guī)律，獲得最優(yōu)工藝條件。在最優(yōu)條件下，鎢渣脫硅率可達(dá)70%以上，鐵和錳的脫除率可分別達(dá)到98.01%和98.71%，鉭和鈮回收率分別為86.57%和82.48%，富集渣中鉭和鈮的品位分別達(dá)到2.81%和9.23%，可直接作為鉭鈮濕法冶煉工業(yè)原料。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎢渣；鉭；鈮；富集；酸法
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Producti）
Abstract:The composition, phase and element distribution of tungsten slag were analyzed by ICP-OES, XRD and SEM-EDS, respectively. The results show that the main phases of tungsten slag are iron-manganese oxides, silicate and quartz. Tantalum and niobium are mainly encapsulated in silicon-manganese phases. Based on this analysis, a new method was proposed for tantalum and niobium enrichment which includes desilication with dilute hydrochloric acid and iron-manganese deeply removing with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The removal rules of silicon, iron, manganese, calcium and aluminum were investigated, and the optimum process conditions were obtained. Under the optimum process conditions, the desilication rate is over 70%, while the iron and manganese removal rates reach 98.01% and 98.71%, respectively. The recovery rates of tantalum and niobium reach 86.57% and 82.48%, respectively, and the tantalum and niobium grades in the enriched slag reach 2.81% and 9.23%, respectively. The enriched slag can be used as raw materials in tantalum and niobium hydrometallurgical industry.
Key words: tungsten slag; tantalum; niobium; enrichment; acid method
