(1. 西南科技大學(xué) 環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院，綿陽(yáng) 621010；
2. 中鋼集團(tuán)馬鞍山礦山研究總院股份有限公司，馬鞍山 243000；
3. 西南科技大學(xué) 土木工程與建筑學(xué)院，綿陽(yáng) 621010)
摘 要: 以鋰輝石浮選尾礦為主要原料，黏土礦物為黏結(jié)材料，輔以少量羧甲基纖維素鈉提高其生坯強(qiáng)度，通過(guò)過(guò)氧化氫發(fā)泡造孔制備出多孔陶瓷材料。通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)探究各因素對(duì)試樣各方面性能的影響并用SPSS軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行回歸分析。最后結(jié)合XRF、XRD、SEM、TG-DSC熱分析和光學(xué)顯微鏡觀察對(duì)多孔陶瓷化學(xué)組成、物相組成、微觀形貌及燒結(jié)過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明：高嶺土較鈉基膨潤(rùn)土更適合作為多孔陶瓷黏結(jié)材料，對(duì)其物理性能影響最大的兩個(gè)因素為燒結(jié)溫度和黏結(jié)劑質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，其最優(yōu)燒結(jié)溫度和高嶺土質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)分別為1150 ℃和10%，此時(shí)抗折強(qiáng)度、抗壓強(qiáng)度、顯氣孔率和吸水率分別為2.46MPa、4.93MPa、52.48%和44.96%。高溫下長(zhǎng)石熔融產(chǎn)生的液相及傳質(zhì)作用的增強(qiáng)應(yīng)為多孔陶瓷顆粒間發(fā)生結(jié)合的主要原因。二元線性回歸方程擬合結(jié)果良好，所制多孔陶瓷氣孔率高、吸水率高，在過(guò)濾材料、吸附材料、載體和保水磚等領(lǐng)域具有一定的應(yīng)用潛力。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋰輝石；浮選尾礦；多孔陶瓷；黏結(jié)材料；多元線性回歸
（1. School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
2. Sinosteel Ma''anshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Led., Ma''anshan 243000, China;
3. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Sichuan 621010, China）
Abstract:With spodumene flotation tailings as the main raw material, clay minerals as bonding materials, supplemented with a small amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the strength of sample, porous ceramic materials were prepared by hydrogen peroxide foaming. The effects of various factors on the properties of the samples were investigated by orthogonal test, and the regression analysis was carried out by SPSS software. Finally, the chemical composition, phase composition, microstructure and sintering process of porous ceramics were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TG-DSC and optical microscope. The results show that kaolin is more suitable for porous ceramic bonding material than Na-bentonite, and the two factors that have the greatest influence on its physical properties are sintering temperature and binder mass ratio. The optimum sintering temperature and kaolin mass fraction are 1150 ℃ and 10%, respectively. The flexural strength, compressive strength, apparent porosity and water absorption are 2.46 MPa, 4.93 MPa, 52.48% and 44.96%, respectively. The enhancement of liquid phase and mass transfer caused by feldspar softening at high temperature should be the main reason for the combination of porous ceramic particles. The results of binary linear regression equation fitting are good. The porous ceramics have high porosity and high water absorption. It has a certain application potential in filtration materials, adsorption materials, carriers and water retaining bricks.
Key words: spodumene; flotation tailings; porous ceramics; bonding materials; multiple linear regression
