(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與資源工程學(xué)院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開(kāi)采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 全尾砂充填膏體具有多尺度、高濃度顆粒懸浮液的特征，傳統(tǒng)黏塑性流變模型是否適應(yīng)于膏體的流變行為是需要研究的重要問(wèn)題。本文從傳統(tǒng)H-B流體對(duì)全尾砂膏體的適應(yīng)性研究入手，首先建立H-B流體的適應(yīng)性約束條件，選擇適宜多尺度、高濃度膏體的流變測(cè)量系統(tǒng)與數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換方法，采用控制剪切速率(CSR)、控制剪切應(yīng)力(CSS)兩種流變測(cè)量模式，開(kāi)展全尾砂膏體流動(dòng)曲線測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明：流動(dòng)曲線在CSR測(cè)量模式下具有負(fù)斜率現(xiàn)象、CSS測(cè)量模式下具有剪切條帶現(xiàn)象。傳統(tǒng)H-B流體在對(duì)應(yīng)階段內(nèi)不再適應(yīng)于全尾砂膏體流變模型，存在固、流態(tài)共存的固-流轉(zhuǎn)換階段，其范圍受臨界剪切速率 控制，正比于全尾砂膏體的質(zhì)量濃度。依據(jù)全尾砂膏體出現(xiàn)固-流轉(zhuǎn)換階段的特征，提出工程流變問(wèn)題應(yīng)依據(jù)臨界剪切速率 區(qū)別對(duì)待，以及膏體充填流變問(wèn)題中不同剪切速率范圍內(nèi)全尾砂膏體流變模型的合理形式。
關(guān)鍵字: 全尾砂充填膏體；固-流轉(zhuǎn)換；負(fù)斜率曲線；剪切條帶；流變行為
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:Backfill paste of unclassified tailings has the characteristics of multi-scale and high-concentration, so whether typical viscoplastic rheological model was suitable for rheological behavior of paste was an important issue that needed to be studied. In this paper, the adaptability of typical H-B fluid to the paste was studied. Firstly, adaptive constraint conditions of H-B fluid were established, and rheological measurement system with data conversion method for paste were selected. Two rheological measurement modes, control shear rate (CSR) and control shear stress (CSS), were adopted to carry out the experiment. The results indicate that the flow curves of paste show negative slope for CSR mode and shear banding for CSS mode. The typical H-B fluid is not suitable for rheological model of unclassified tailings paste in special stages, and there is a solid-liquid conversion stage in which the solid and liquid phase are coexisted. The range is controlled by critical shear rate , which is proportional to mass concentration of the paste. According to the characteristics of solid-liquid conversion stage of paste, it is proposed that the engineering rheological problems should be treated differently according to critical shear rate , and the reasonable form of rheological model for paste should be considered in different shear rate ranges of backfill rheological problem.
Key words: unclassified tailings backfill paste; solid-liquid conversion stage; negative slope curve; shear banding; rheological behavior
