(江西理工大學(xué) 江西省礦業(yè)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，贛州 341000)
摘 要: 通過純礦物浮選試驗(yàn)、吸附量和動(dòng)電位測(cè)試及X射線光電子能譜(XPS)分析，研究黃原膠對(duì)黃銅礦、閃鋅礦浮選行為的影響，考察黃原膠對(duì)閃鋅礦的抑制作用機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：捕收劑為丁黃藥時(shí)，黃銅礦和閃鋅礦基本都可浮，難以分離。黃原膠能較強(qiáng)地抑制閃鋅礦且不隨pH的變化而變化，而對(duì)黃銅礦的抑制作用較弱且隨pH降低抑制效果增強(qiáng)。使用黃原膠為抑制劑時(shí)，在pH 7~11區(qū)間可以實(shí)現(xiàn)黃銅礦和閃鋅礦的浮選分離。黃原膠在黃銅礦和閃鋅礦表面均能吸附，但其在黃銅礦表面的吸附量顯著高于在閃鋅礦表面的吸附量，同時(shí)對(duì)閃鋅礦表面性質(zhì)影響也較大。黃原膠主要通過與閃鋅礦表面生成的氧化鋅或氫氧化鋅發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)而吸附在閃鋅礦表面，因此黃原膠更容易吸附在容易氧化的閃鋅礦表面。
關(guān)鍵字: 黃銅礦；閃鋅礦；黃原膠；浮選；抑制機(jī)理
（Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China）
Abstract:The effect of xanthan gum on flotation behavior of chalcopyrite and sphalerite was studied and the depression mechanism of xanthan gum on sphalerite was investigated through flotation test, adsorption test, zeta potential test and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis. The flotation results show that chalcopyrite and sphalerite have good flotability and it is difficult to separate them when potassium butyl xanthate is used as collector. Xanthan gum has strong depression effect on sphalerite and the depression effect is not affected by pH, but its depression effect on chalcopyrite is weak and increases with the decrease of pH. With xanthan gum as depressant, the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and sphalerite can be achieved in the pH range of 7-11. The adsorption test and zeta potential analysis results show that xanthan gum can absorb on the surfaces of both chalcopyrite and sphalerite, but the adsorption amount on the surface of chalcopyrite is significantly higher than that on the surface of sphalerite, which also has a greater influence on the surface properties of sphalerite. XPS analysis results show that xanthan gum mainly adsorbs on the sphalerite surface through chemical reaction with the zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide that formed on sphalerite surface. So xanthan gum adsorbs more easily on sphalerite surface as it is easier to oxidize than chalcopyrite.
Key words: chalcopyrite; sphalerite; xanthan gum; flotation; depression mechanism
