(1. 中南大學 冶金與環(huán)境學院，長沙 410083；
2. 云南銅業(yè)股份有限公司，昆明 650032；
3. 鎳鈷資源綜合利用國家重點實驗室，金昌 737100)
摘 要: 廢印刷線路板是重要的城市礦產(chǎn)資源，因其成分復雜導致其處理難度大。在詳細總結廢印刷線路板回收利用方法的基礎上，針對主流的廢印刷線路板火法冶金處理工藝存在的錫鉛鋅等雜質金屬分散和有機物燃燒釋放有害氣體的問題，提出一種基于選冶聯(lián)合的廢印刷線路板銅粉源頭除雜的技術路線：廢印刷線路板銅粉通過堿性加壓氧化浸出，使錫鉛鋅等雜質金屬溶解進入浸出液，錫浸出率＞98.2%，浸出液經(jīng)硫化凈化脫除雜質，鉛和鋅的沉淀率＞99.5%，凈化液經(jīng)電積產(chǎn)出98.0%的粗錫；浸出渣中廢印刷線路板基體和阻焊油等有機物從銅箔表面剝離，采用搖床使之分離，有機物脫除率＞50.0%。采用選冶聯(lián)合的方法脫除了廢印刷線路板銅粉中的大部分錫雜質金屬和有機物，為后續(xù)火法煉銅提供了優(yōu)質原料，為廢印刷線路板銅粉在火法煉銅系統(tǒng)的高效處理提供了新的技術路線。
關鍵字: 廢印刷線路板；銅；加壓氧化浸出；搖床；錫
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. YCC Southwest Cooper Branch, Kunming 650032, China;
3.State Key Laboratory of Nickel and Cobalt Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Jinchang 737100, China）
Abstract:The waste printed circuit boards are important urban mineral resources. However, it is difficult to treat and utilize due to its complicated composition. In this study, the current recycling technologies from waste printed circuit boards were reviewed. Aiming at the adverse effects of tin, lead, zinc and organics on pyrometallurgy treatments of waste printed circuit boards, a technical route for removing impurities from copper powder of waste printed circuit boards using the combination method of beneficiation and metallurgy was proposed. The copper powders of waste circuit board were leached in an alkaline solution by pressurized oxidation process. Tin, lead, zinc and other impurity metals were leached into the leaching solution, and the leaching rate was above 98.2%.The leaching solution was purified by sulfide precipitation, and the precipitation rate of lead and zinc were up to 99.5%. Then, the crude tin containing more than 98% tin was produced from the leaching solution by electrowinning. The organics in leaching residue, such as the substrate of waste circuit board and solder mask, were striped from the copper foil by shaking table, and the removal rate of organics was more than 50.0%. In this process, the impurity metal of tin and organics from copper powders of waste printed circuit boards were removed by the combination method of beneficiation and metallurgy, which provides high quality raw materials for copper pyrometallurgy. Meanwhile, this process provides a new technical route to the efficient treatment for copper powder of waste printed circuit boards in copper pyrometallurgy process.
Key words: waste printed circuit boards; copper; pressurized oxidation; shaking table; tin
