(大連交通大學(xué) 連續(xù)擠壓教育部工程研究中心，大連 116028)
摘 要: 閘片材料參數(shù)不僅關(guān)系到摩擦副的摩擦磨損性能，也是影響制動盤溫度分布的一個重要因素。采用ADINA軟件，建立列車制動盤和閘片的三維熱機耦合有限元模型，在制動速度100 km/h、壓力0.538 MPa和慣量23 kg·m2條件下，研究閘片材料熱膨脹系數(shù)、彈性模量、熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)對制動盤溫度和接觸壓力的影響。結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)閘片熱膨脹系數(shù)從0.5×10-5 K-1增大到2.5×10-5 K-1時，制動盤峰值溫度升高8.4%，最大接觸壓力增大47%，閘片熱膨脹系數(shù)的增大加劇接觸壓力分布不均勻程度而使制動盤溫度變化明顯；彈性模量增大9倍，接觸壓力的分布對彈性模量不敏感，彈性模量對盤面溫度影響不明顯。閘片熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)增大7倍，制動盤峰值溫度下降4.3%，熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)增大，加快熱量的擴散速度使制動盤峰值溫度降低，該研究結(jié)論可為高速列車閘片材料的開發(fā)提供參考。
關(guān)鍵字: 盤式制動；溫度場；接觸壓力；熱機耦合
（Engineering Research Center of Continuous Extrusion (Ministry of Education), Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China）
Abstract:The material parameters of pad have important effects on the tribological properties of the friction pairs and the brake disc temperature distribution. Based on ADINA software, a 3D thermo-mechanical coupling model for brake disc and pad was established. The effect of thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus and thermal conductivity of pad material on brake disc temperature distribution and contact pressure at the interface was investigated under the brake conditions that the initial velocity was 100 km/h, brake pressure was 0.538 MPa and the inertia was 23 kg·m2. The results show that when the thermal expansion coefficient of the pad increases from 0.5×10-5 K-1 to 2.5×10-5 K-1, the disc peak temperature rises by 8.4%, the maximum contact pressure increases by 47% at the same time. With the increase of the thermal expansion coefficient, the contact pressure distribution becomes more uneven, which makes the disc temperature change significantly. The elastic modulus increases by 9 times, the distribution of contact pressure is not sensitive to the elastic modulus of pad material, and the elastic modulus has little influence on the temperature of brake disc. The thermal conductivity increases by 7 times, the peak temperature can be reduced by 4.3%, the increase of thermal conductivity promotes the heat diffusion rate, which can reduce the disc peak temperature. The research results can provide references for the development of high-speed train pad materials.
Key words: disc brake; temperature field; contact pressure; thermo-mechanical coupling
