(1. 廣東省科學(xué)院 廣東省材料與加工研究所，廣州 510650；
2. 廣東省科學(xué)院產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)育成中心，廣州 510650；
3. 廣東盈峰材料技術(shù)股份有限公司，佛山528311)
摘 要: 以內(nèi)氧化法制備的Al2O3彌散強(qiáng)化銅(簡稱“彌散銅”)粉和霧化錫粉為原料，采用擴(kuò)散合金化法制備彌散銅-錫合金粉末，經(jīng)壓制、燒結(jié)制備彌散銅-錫含油軸承，研究擴(kuò)散溫度對(duì)彌散銅-錫粉末合金化程度的影響，并考察燒結(jié)溫度對(duì)含油軸承性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：彌散銅-錫混合粉末經(jīng)700 ℃擴(kuò)散處理后，錫在彌散銅基體中分布均勻，制備的彌散銅-錫合金粉末的松裝密度為2.40 g/cm3、流動(dòng)性為39.6 s(50 g)；軸承壓坯在800 ℃及以下溫度燒結(jié)時(shí)，粉末顆粒之間沒有發(fā)生顯著燒結(jié)，導(dǎo)致軸承性能較差。當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為850 ℃時(shí)，粉末顆粒之間形成一定的冶金結(jié)合，軸承強(qiáng)度顯著提升，開孔率小幅降低。在900 ℃及以上溫度燒結(jié)時(shí)，軸承發(fā)生顯著收縮，開孔率明顯降低。850 ℃燒結(jié)制備的彌散銅-錫含油軸承的徑向、軸向尺寸變化率均約為1.0%，壓潰強(qiáng)度為160 MPa，顯微硬度為166 HV0.05，開孔率為26.0%。
關(guān)鍵字: Al2O3彌散強(qiáng)化銅；擴(kuò)散合金化；含油軸承；徑向壓潰強(qiáng)度；開孔率
（1. Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. Industrial Technology Incubation Center, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. Infore Material-Tech Corp, Foshan 528311, China）
Abstract:With Al2O3 dispersion-strengthened copper (referred as “ODS copper”) powder prepared by internal oxidation method and atomized tin powder as raw materials, ODS copper-tin alloying powder was synthesized by diffusion alloying method, then pressed and sintered to prepare oil bearings. The effects of the diffusion temperature on the alloying degree of ODS copper-tin and the sintering temperature on performances of the oil bearings were investigated. The results indicate that tin is uniformly distributed in the ODS copper matrix after diffusion alloying at 700℃ for 1h and the as-prepared ODS-tin alloying powder has the apparent density of 2.40 g/cm3 as well as flowability of 39.6 s/(50 g). When the bearing compacts were sintered at temperatures no lower than 800 ℃, no significant metallurgical bonding occurs between the powder particles, which leading to poor performances. When increasing the sintering temperature to 850 ℃, metallurgical bonding is widely observed between powder particles, which remarkably improves the strength and slightly decreases the open porosity of the bearings. Once the sintering temperature exceeds 900 ℃, the bearings shrank significantly combined with sharply reducing of the open porosity. In this research, the ODS copper-tin oil bearings sintered at 850 ℃ have the best comprehensive properties with radial and axial shrinking ratio of about 1.0%, radical crushing strength of 160 MPa, microhardness of 166 HV0.05 and open porosity of 26.0%.
Key words: Al2O3 dispersion-strengthened copper; diffusion alloying; oil bearing; radial crushing strength; open porosity
