(1. 北京科技大學 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083；
2 北京聯(lián)合大學 北京市信息服務工程重點實驗室，北京 100101；
3. 中國恩菲工程技術有限公司，北京 100038)
摘 要: 為提高全尾砂料漿濃密沉降效果，降低脫水濃縮成本，將聲波引入全尾砂濃密沉降試驗中，探究聲波對全尾砂料漿濃密沉降影響。利用清水與全尾砂料漿對比聲壓分布規(guī)律試驗預選出合適的聲波頻率和功率，進而運用控制變量法，對聲波作用參數(shù)進行優(yōu)選，分析不同條件下全尾砂濃密沉降速度和底流濃度變化規(guī)律，探索聲波在全尾砂料漿濃密沉降中的作用機理。結果表明：相同點的聲壓在全尾砂料漿中為70%的清水中聲壓值；當聲波頻率為100 Hz，功率為8 W，施加時刻為15 min時為最優(yōu)作用條件，與自由沉降和絮凝沉降(單耗20 g/t、0.2%絮凝劑溶液濃度)相比，沉降速度分別提高了56.759%和0.801%，底流濃度分別提高了2.54%和6.302%；在合適的聲場條件下，聲波可明顯提高全尾砂料漿沉降速度和底流濃度。
關鍵字: 充填采礦；全尾砂；聲波；濃密沉降；聲波機理
（1. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safe of Metal, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
3. China Enfi Engineering Corporation, Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:The high-concentration filling of the unclassified tailings is the main development trend of the current back-fill mining, and how to accelerate the rapid precipitation and dewatering of fine grains in sand silos to obtain high concentration tailings mortar is the key technology. In order to improve the effect of thickening sedimentation of unclassified tailings slurry(UTS) and reduce the expense of dewatering, the acoustic wave was introduced into the thickening sedimentation experiment of UTS. The effect of acoustic wave on the thickening sedimentation of UTS was explored. The acoustic wave frequency and power were pre-selected by comparing the sound pressure distribution laws between clear water and the UTS. And then, the acoustic wave parameters were optimized by the control variable method. Furthermore, the variation laws of sedimentation velocity and mass fraction of underflow of UTS were analyzed under different conditions, and their acoustic wave mechanism was discussed. The results show that the sound pressure in UTS is equivalent to 70% of the sound pressure value in clean water at the same point. Thickening sedimentation has the best effect when the acoustic wave frequency is 100 Hz, the power is 8 W, and the application time is 15 min. Compared with free sedimentation and flocculation sedimentation (Flocculant unit consumption of 20 g/t, Flocculant solution concentration of 0.2%), the sedimentation velocity is increased by 56.759% and 0.801%, respectively, and the underflow concentration is increased by 2.54% and 6.302%, respectively. Therefore, acoustic wave is capable of improving the sedimentation velocity and mass fraction of underflow under the condition of suitable sound field.
Key words: back-fill mining; unclassified tailings; acoustic wave; thickening sedimentation; acoustic mechanism
