(燕山大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院，秦皇島 066004)
摘 要: 本文建立了波導(dǎo)管彎曲分析有限元分析模型，針對(duì)6063波導(dǎo)管計(jì)算了不同彎曲半徑下過渡區(qū)域壁厚分布，利用穩(wěn)定變形區(qū)壁厚簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算公式，得到穩(wěn)定變形壁厚與彎曲半徑關(guān)系曲線。對(duì)給定波導(dǎo)管(內(nèi)腔15.8 mm×7.9 mm，壁厚1.0 mm)計(jì)算了不同彎曲角度下(ρ=40 mm)彎曲外側(cè)壁厚分布，指出小半徑彎曲過渡區(qū)域可以延伸到30°范圍甚至更大。取90°彎曲件進(jìn)行了壁厚計(jì)算值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值比較，除去兩端10°內(nèi)急劇變化段，壁厚減薄率誤差小于2%。通過對(duì)比變形過渡區(qū)弧長(zhǎng)，確定彎曲過渡區(qū)中性層弧長(zhǎng)穩(wěn)定在管材寬度B的1.2倍左右，并依此給出簡(jiǎn)化的壁厚計(jì)算公式。通過計(jì)算得出芯棒支撐范圍應(yīng)與過渡變形區(qū)范圍一致，小半徑彎曲時(shí)可達(dá)到30°角度范圍。文中分析了頂推力、摩擦因數(shù)、芯棒支撐角度等對(duì)壁厚變化的影響規(guī)律，并給出了合理計(jì)算結(jié)果。這些分析計(jì)算對(duì)指導(dǎo)波導(dǎo)管彎曲研究和生產(chǎn)技術(shù)改進(jìn)提供了重要依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 波導(dǎo)管彎曲；彎曲工藝；壁厚減薄；變形區(qū)
（School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China）
Abstract:This investigation established a finite element analysis model to determine the distribution of wall thickness in taper zones of 6063 waveguide bends with various radii, and demonstrated the relationship between wall thicknesses in the stable deformation zones and the bending radii. For the given waveguide with the chamber size of 15.8 mm in width, 7.9 mm in height and 1.0 mm in wall thickness, the distribution of outer wall thickness was calculated for a range of angles of bend at ρ=40 mm, and it was observed that the taper zone can extend to an angular range of 30° and greater. The calculated and empirical measured wall thickness values of 90° bends were compared, and apart from the 10° of abrupt tapering at either ends of the bend, the calculated rates of thickness reduction had errors of less than 2%. In addition, the arc-lengths of the neutral axes of the taper zones were also determined to be approximately 1.2 times the width B of the tube, and a formula to calculate wall thickness with angular correction was derived. Calculations also revealed that the mandrel support regions should coincide with the range of the taper zones, and that in the bends with small radii, the angular ranges could reach 30° or more. This report also analyzed other factors and their theoretical contributions to wall thickness variation, including the force exerted by the booster on the tube, coefficient of friction and mandrel support angle. These analytical calculations can provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of waveguide bends manufacturing process and research.
Key words: waveguide bending; bending process; wall thickness reduction; taper zone
