(南昌航空大學(xué) 輕合金加工科學(xué)與技術(shù)國防重點學(xué)科實驗室，南昌 330063)
摘 要: 選用M40J碳纖維、KD-Ⅱ型碳化硅纖維和Nextel610型氧化鋁纖維為增強體材料，采用真空壓力浸滲法制備纖維單向排布，基體合金為ZL301的連續(xù)纖維增強鋁基復(fù)合材料，研究增強纖維對復(fù)合材料致密度、界面及力學(xué)性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：增強纖維對復(fù)合材料的致密度有著明顯影響，Cf/Al復(fù)合材料的致密度最大，達到99.9%，密度最小，僅為2.248 g/cm3，且其纖維排布均勻，組織缺陷最少；不同增強纖維與基體會發(fā)生不同程度的界面反應(yīng)，最后表現(xiàn)為不同的纖維損傷程度，界面層厚度和界面相的大小，Al2O3f/Al復(fù)合材料未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯界面層，SiCf/Al復(fù)合材料和Cf/Al復(fù)合材料的界面層厚度分別為275.3 nm 和327.4 nm，界面上都發(fā)現(xiàn)有短棒狀的Al4C3相；SiCf/Al，Cf/Al和Al2O3f/Al復(fù)合材料的拉伸強度分別為780.3 MPa，670.2 MPa和587 MPa，組織缺陷、纖維損傷和界面結(jié)合強度是影響復(fù)合材料強度的主要因素。
關(guān)鍵字: 增強纖維；連續(xù)纖維增強；鋁基復(fù)合材料；真空壓力浸滲；界面；力學(xué)性能
（National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:The vacuum gas pressure infiltration was used to compose the continuous fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with unidirectional fiber arrangement using M40 carbon fiber, KD-II SiC fiber and Nextel610 Al2O3 fiber as reinforced materials, the matrix alloy was ZL301, the effects of reinforced fiber on interface and mechanical properties of composites were studied. The results show that the reinforcement fiber has a significant effect on the density of the composites, the density of composites which the reinforced fiber is M40 carbon fiber is highest as 99.9%, it has the smallest density, only 2.55 g/cm3, and the fiber arrangement is uniform and the tissue defects are the least. The interfacial reactions of different reinforcing fibers and matrix can occur in varying degrees, showing different degree of fiber damage, the thickness of interface layer and the size of interface phase. The interface layer of Al2O3f/Al composite is not found, and the interface layer thicknesses of SiCf/Al composites and Cf/Al composites are 275.3 nm and 327.4 nm respectively, and short rod like Al4C3 phases are found at the interface. The tensile strengths of SiCf/Al, Cf/Al and Al2O3f/Al composites are 780.3 MPa, 670.2 MPa and 587 MPa, respectively. The defect, interfacial reaction degree and fiber damage are the main factors to determine the tensile strength of the composites.
Key words: reinforced fiber; continuous fiber reinforced; aluminum matrix composites; vacuum pressure infiltration; interface; mechanical properties
