(1. 北京科技大學 冶金與生態(tài)工程學院，北京100083；
2. 稀貴金屬綠色回收與提取北京市重點實驗室，北京100083；
3. 中國恩菲工程技術有限公司，北京 100038)
摘 要: 本文利用高溫沉降實驗對FeO-SiO2-Fe3O4-CaO-Al2O3-MgO系中不同組分含量以及溫度對銅渣、銅锍分離效果的影響進行研究，同時利用熱力學計算軟件FactSage結合含固相熔渣的黏度、密度計算公式，對不同渣型爐渣的黏度和密度進行計算，進而研究其對渣锍分離效果的影響。結果表明，當爐渣黏度大于0.5 Pa·s時，黏度升高對渣锍分離有著十分不利的影響。當爐渣各組分控制在SiO2/Fe比(w(SiO2)/w(Fe))0.82%~0.97%、w(CaO) 0~6.2%、w(Al2O3) 2%~7%、w(MgO) 0~1.25%和w(Fe3O4) 0~10%，且沉降溫度在1230 ℃以上時，熔渣具有良好的流動性，其密度也在理想的范圍內(nèi)，沉降后渣中的含銅量低于1%。由沉降后渣的礦相分析表明，難以沉降的銅物相主要為呈點狀分布的微米級黃銅礦和少量大粒徑的輝銅礦。
關鍵字: 銅冶煉；渣锍分離；FactSage；黏度；密度；渣型優(yōu)化
（1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals, Beijing 100083, China;
3 China ENFI Engineering Corporation, Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:In this work, the influences of contents of slag component and smelting temperature on the slag/matte separation efficiency were studied in FeO-SiO2-Fe3O4-CaO-Al2O3-MgO system, using high temperature sedimentation experiments. The viscosity and density at different contents of slag component were calculated using FactSage thermodynamic software, cooperated with the formula for the viscosity and density of solid-containing slag, to investigate their effects on the slag/matte separation. The results show that when the viscosity of slag is higher than 0.5 Pa·s, the further increase of viscosity has an extremely adverse effect on the slag/matte separation. When the compositions of slag are SiO2/Fe ratio of 0.82%-0.97, w(CaO) of 0-6.2%, w(Al2O3) of 2%-7%, w(MgO) of 0-1.25%, w(Fe3O4) of 0-10%, and sedimentation temperature is above 1230 ℃, the molten slag shows good liquidity and its density is also in the ideal range, and the content of copper in the sedimentation slag can be lower than 1%. The mineralogical analysis for the sedimentation slag indicates that the copper loss in slag is primarily the punctiform chalcopyrite at micron scale and small amounts of larger-particle chalcocite.
Key words: copper smelting; slag/matte separation; FactSage; viscosity; density; optimization of slag type
