(中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長(zhǎng)沙410083)
摘 要: 金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料作為一種新型復(fù)合材料越來越受到材料研究者的關(guān)注。該類復(fù)合材料利用具有不同金屬組元本征特性，并充分發(fā)揮了金屬-金屬界面的不同特性以及金屬層之間的協(xié)調(diào)變形效應(yīng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。由于金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料具有高強(qiáng)度、高硬度、耐高溫氧化以及優(yōu)良的塑性，在防沖擊、耐磨、航空航天、機(jī)械、電子等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。圍繞金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)特性，闡述組元成分、層厚、應(yīng)變速率以及外加應(yīng)力狀態(tài)等與其性能之間的本構(gòu)關(guān)系，可以為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化該材料的結(jié)構(gòu)有著指導(dǎo)意義。此外，還闡述了制備金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料的不同方法以及其適用金屬、應(yīng)用背景等，并著重介紹了一種利用粉末冶金方法制備的具有可控界面的新型Ti基金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料，有望廣泛運(yùn)用于其他金屬基復(fù)合材料的制備。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬-金屬層狀復(fù)合材料；制備技術(shù)；顯微組織；結(jié)構(gòu)-性能本構(gòu)關(guān)系
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The laminated metal-metal composites have attracted more attentions to material researchers. This kind of composite utilizes inherit characterists of the component materials, and its mechanical properties also depend on properties of the metal-metal interface, as well as the coordinated deformation effect among adjacent layers. Owing to the high strength, high hardness, high temperature oxidation resistance and excellent ductility, the laminated metal-metal composites were wildly utilized in the fields of impact resistance, wear resistance, aerospace, machine, and so on. Focusing on the structure of the laminated metal-metal composites, the relationships between mechanical properties with component layers, thickness of layers, strain rate during deformation, the state of applied stress, which could be useful for optimizing the microstructure of the composites, were discussed. Besides, the various processes of the metal-metal composites and their potential applications were summarized. Moreover, we provide a novel powder metallurgic method for fabricating a new Ti-based metal-metal composite with controllable interface, which is expected to be widely used, was provided.
Key words: metal-metal laminated structure composites; fabrication processes; microstructure; constitutive relation between structure and properties
