(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與資源工程學(xué)院，北京 100083；
2. 金屬礦山高效開(kāi)采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)室，北京 100083；
3. 貴州川恒化工股份有限公司，福泉 550500)
摘 要: 針對(duì)二水磷石膏充填存在充填成本高、水泥耗量大、固結(jié)體強(qiáng)度低等問(wèn)題，以半水磷石膏替代膠凝材料，通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)法確定半水磷石膏充填的最佳配方，并對(duì)其流動(dòng)性和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：通過(guò)配方優(yōu)化，半水磷石膏充填體3 d、7 d、28 d的強(qiáng)度可達(dá)到5.4 MPa、5.5 MPa、6.1 MPa，膏體坍落度為26 cm，擴(kuò)展度為71 cm。半水磷石膏充填配比中的3個(gè)影響因素為外加劑摻量、尾砂摻量和漿料濃度。對(duì)于3 d抗壓強(qiáng)度影響最大的因素是外加劑摻量，對(duì)于7 d強(qiáng)度影響最大的因素是漿料濃度，對(duì)于28 d強(qiáng)度影響最大的因素是外加劑摻量，對(duì)于料漿流動(dòng)性影響最大的是漿料濃度。半水磷石膏固結(jié)體由半水相轉(zhuǎn)化為二水相，形成致密的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)，表明以半水磷石膏制備的膏體料漿具備礦山充填的可行性。充填材料固體中廢棄物用量占98%以上，成本較低，具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益，推廣應(yīng)用前景良好。
關(guān)鍵字: 膏體充填；半水磷石膏；正交試驗(yàn)；微觀結(jié)構(gòu)；固體廢棄物
（1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Guizhou Chanhen Chemical Corporation, Fuquan 550500, China）
Abstract:In view of a series of dehydrate phosphogypsum filling problems, such as high filling cost, large consumption amount of cement, low strength of consolidation and so on, hemihydrate phosphogypsum was used as paste filling material in the paste filling research. Through orthogonal experiment method, the best prescription of hemihydrate phosphogypsum was determined, and the liquidity and micro structure were also studied. The results show that the filling strength of hemihydrate phosphogypsum in 3rd day, 7th day and 28th day can reach to 5.4 MPa, 5.5 MPa and 6.1 MPa, respectively, and the paste collapsbillity is 26 cm, and the extension is 71 cm. The three factors that affect the filling ratio of hemihydrate phosphogypsum are admixture amount, slurry concentration and tailing amount. The most influential factor that affects the compressive strength of sample for 3rd day is the admixture amount. The most influential factor that affects the compressive strength of sample for 7th day is the slurry concentration. The most influential factor that affects the compressive strength of sample for 28th day is the admixture amount. The most influential factor that affects the slurry fluidity is the slurry concentration. Meanwhile, the hemihydrate phosphogypsum consolidation transforms from hemihydrate into dehydrate, then forms dense crystal structure and effectively solidifies the soluble phosphorus. Therefore, the paste slurry made with hemihydrate phosphogypsum can completely meet the requirement of filling process and performance index. Furthermore, the solid waste in the filling material accounts for more than 98%, and the cost is low, which has good economic and social benefits, also the popularization and application prospects are good and worth expecting.
Key words: paste filling material; hemihydrate phosphogypsum; orthogonal test; micro structure; solid waste
