(1. 江西理工大學(xué) 冶金與化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，贛州 341000；
2. 河南省冶金研究所有限責(zé)任公司，鄭州 450053)
摘 要: 采用濕法氯化的方法可以有效降低酸耗和抑制雜質(zhì)離子的浸出，采用氯化銨-鹽酸體系選擇性浸出紅土鎳礦中有價(jià)金屬。結(jié)果表明：在浸出溫度90 ℃、鹽酸濃度2 mol/L、固液比1:6、浸出時(shí)間90 min條件下鎳的浸出率為89.45%，鈷的浸出率為88.56%，錳的浸出率為90.23%，而鐵的浸出率只有19.30%，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在低酸情況下的選擇性浸出。對(duì)紅土鎳礦中不同礦相在氯鹽溶液中的浸出機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明：氯鹽的加入有利于針鐵礦相的溶解，但對(duì)其他鐵礦相影響不顯著。因此，氯鹽的加入有利于針鐵礦相中有價(jià)金屬的浸出，抑制其他鐵礦相中鐵的浸出。
關(guān)鍵字: 氯化銨；紅土鎳礦；選擇性浸出；浸出機(jī)理；活度
（1. School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. Henan Institute of Metallurgy Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450053, China）
Abstract:The hydro-chloride leaching can reduce the impurity ion leaching and consumption of acid effectively. The selectively leaching valuable metals from laterite nickel ore with ammonium chloride hydrochloric acid solution were studied. The results show that when the leaching temperature is 90 ℃, hydrochloric acid concentration is 2 mol/L, solid-liquid ratio is 1:6 and leaching time is 1.5 h, the leaching rates of nickel, cobalt, manganese and iron are 89.45%, 88.56%, 90.23% and 19.30%, respectively, which achieve selectively leaching in relatively low acid concentration. Based on the selective leaching mechanism research, the addition of chlorine salt is beneficial to dissolution of goethite than other iron minerals in laterite ore, leading to increasing leaching of valuable metals from goethite mineral and suppression leaching of iron from other iron minerals.
Key words: ammonium chloride; laterite nickel ore; selective leaching; leaching mechanism; ion activity
