(1. 昆明理工大學 省部共建復雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國家重點實驗室，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學 真空冶金國家工程實驗室，昆明 650093；
3. 云南省有色金屬真空冶金重點實驗室，昆明 650093；
4. 昆明理工大學 冶金與能源工程學院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 針對真空碳熱還原法煉鎂過程鎂蒸氣發(fā)生逆反應這一關鍵問題，研究了真空條件下CO2/CO分別對鎂蒸氣冷凝的影響，以期為該過程中鎂蒸氣的安全高效冷凝并收集提供理論依據。結果表明：30 Pa下鎂蒸氣的冷凝是直接由氣態(tài)變?yōu)楣虘B(tài)的凝華過程；在系統(tǒng)壓強30 Pa、加熱溫度700~800 ℃保溫30 min的條件下，CO2會使冷凝物表面結晶形貌不平整，但不會與鎂蒸氣發(fā)生化學反應；在相同實驗條件下，CO會與鎂發(fā)生化學反應，所得到的冷凝物含鎂、氧、碳元素，這阻礙鎂蒸氣冷凝成形貌規(guī)則的晶體。
關鍵字: 鎂蒸氣；CO；CO2；真空；冷凝
（1. State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clear Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy for Nonferrous Metal of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China;
4. School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Aiming at the key problem of reverse reaction of magnesium vapor in vacuum carbothermal reduction method, the effects of CO2/CO on magnesium vapor condensation under vacuum conditions were studied, which is to provide theoretical basis for safe and efficient condensation and collection of magnesium vapor in the process. The results show that the condensation of magnesium vapor is a desublimation process from gas to solid at 30 Pa. In addition, when the system pressure is 30 Pa, the heating temperature is 700-800 ℃ and is kept for 30 min, CO2 can make the crystalline morphology of the condensate uneven, but cannot react with magnesium vapor. And under the same experimental conditions, CO can chemically react with magnesium. The obtained condensate contains magnesium, oxygen and carbon. CO can hinder the magnesium vapor to condensate into the regular crystal.
Key words: magnesium vapor; CO; CO2; vacuum; condensation
