(蘭州理工大學(xué) 省部共建有色金屬先進(jìn)加工與再利用國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，蘭州 730050)
摘 要: 采用坩堝電阻爐熔煉制備了6種不同成分的Al-Ga-Mg-Sn多元鋁合金。利用光學(xué)顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)和產(chǎn)氫性能測試裝置等系統(tǒng)研究了多元鋁合金鑄態(tài)下的顯微組織和相組成、水解反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物的相組成以及在30、50、70和90 ℃純水中的產(chǎn)氫速率和產(chǎn)氫量。結(jié)果表明：Al-Ga-Mg-Sn多元鋁合金鑄態(tài)組織由鋁基體相、Mg2Sn和Ga2Mg相組成，水解反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物主要為AlO(OH)等；同一成分試樣，產(chǎn)氫速率和產(chǎn)氫量均隨溫度的升高而增加；不同成分試樣在同一溫度下，產(chǎn)氫速率和產(chǎn)氫量與低熔點(diǎn)元素Ga含量和合金相中鋁基體相/第二相的比例有關(guān)；產(chǎn)氫的起始溫度主要由低熔點(diǎn)元素Ga+Sn含量決定。進(jìn)一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：水解產(chǎn)氫行為發(fā)生后，產(chǎn)氫速率k與熱力學(xué)溫度T服從阿倫尼烏斯公式，即ln k與1/T呈線性規(guī)律。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；水解；產(chǎn)氫速率；產(chǎn)氫量；溫度
（State key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China）
Abstract:Six kinds of Al-Ga-Mg-Sn multi-element aluminum alloys with different compositions were prepared by crucible resistance furnace. The microstructure and phase composition of as-cast aluminum alloy, the phase composition of the hydrolyzate, the hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen yield in pure water at 30, 50, 70 and 90 ℃ were investigated by means of optical microscope (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hydrogen generation performance test device. The results indicate that the as-cast Al-Ga-Mg-Sn multi-phase aluminum alloy consists of an aluminum matrix phase, Mg2Sn and Ga2Mg phases and the hydrolyzate is mainly AlO(OH).The hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen yield increase with the increment of temperature for the same composition. At the same temperature, for the samples with different compositions, the content of the low melting point element Ga, the proportion of the aluminum matrix phase and the second phase in the alloy phase depend on the hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen yield. The starting temperature of hydrogen generation is mainly determined by the content of low melting point elements Ga and Sn. Further analysis finds that the hydrogen generation rate k and thermodynamic temperature T obey Arrhenius formula, namely the ln k is linear with 1/T after hydrogen generation by hydrolysis occurring.
Key words: aluminum alloy; hydrolysis; hydrogen generation rate; hydrogen yield; temperature
