(1. 河南理工大學(xué) 能源科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，焦作 454000；
2. 中南大學(xué) 資源與安全工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用預(yù)加載高軸壓、0.4 MPa的沖擊氣壓頻繁沖擊的方式模擬深部巖石所處的高靜載條件下受爆破開挖擾動(dòng)影響的力學(xué)環(huán)境，進(jìn)行一維高靜載頻繁動(dòng)態(tài)擾動(dòng)試驗(yàn)。然后基于試驗(yàn)結(jié)果探討沖擊擾動(dòng)前后含銅蛇紋巖伴隨主要能量的種類，并在預(yù)加軸壓時(shí)巖石內(nèi)部損傷不計(jì)、沖擊擾動(dòng)后軸壓值不變、巖石破碎后內(nèi)部?jī)?chǔ)能為零的假設(shè)條件下，推演各種能量的演算方法，并分析演化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：沖擊擾動(dòng)前后主要伴隨的能量為彈性能、入射能、彈塑性能、反射能、透射能、復(fù)合釋放能；彈塑性能隨擾動(dòng)沖擊次數(shù)的增加呈冪函數(shù)的形式減小；反射能、透射能分別與入射能的比值和復(fù)合釋放能都隨擾動(dòng)沖擊次數(shù)的增加而增大，但前者呈線性趨勢(shì)發(fā)展，后者呈對(duì)數(shù)趨勢(shì)變化；沖擊擾動(dòng)過程中巖石處于釋放能量的狀態(tài)，且隨擾動(dòng)沖擊次數(shù)的增加，釋放的能量總體上先增大后減小。
關(guān)鍵字: 高靜載；動(dòng)態(tài)擾動(dòng)；彈塑性能；沖擊次數(shù)；單位體積耗能；復(fù)合釋放能
（1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China;
2. School of Resources & Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The mechanical environment of deep rock under high static load and frequent dynamic disturbance was simulated with preloading high axial compression and impacting frequently. The one-dimensional high static load frequent dynamic disturbance test was carried out with 0.4 MPa impact pressure. Based on the experimental results，the types of main energy of copper-bearing serpentine before and after the impact disturbed were discussed. Some hypothetical conditions were considered, such as the internal damage of rock was ignored when preloading axial compression, the axial pressure values were invariant after impact disturbance, the internal storage energy was zero after rock specimen break into cuttings, when the calculation methods and evolution laws were analyzed. The results show that the main accompanying energies before and after the impact disturbed are elastic energy, incident energy, elastic plastic energy, reflection energy, transmission energy and composite release energy. The elastic plastic energy increases with increasing disturbance impact times of rock specimen in a power function with a negative exponent. The ratio of reflection with incident energy, the ratio of transmission with incident energy and the composite release energy all increase with increasing of impact disturbance times, but the former shows a linear trend and the latter shows a logarithmic trend. The rock in the impact disturbance process is in the state of releasing energy, and the released energy in general increases firstly and then decreases with increasing of impact disturbance times.
Key words: high static load; dynamic disturbance; elastic plastic energy; impact times; unit volume energy consumption; composite release energy
