(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083；
2. 湖南涉外經(jīng)濟學(xué)院，長沙 410205；
3. 中國科學(xué)院武漢巖土力學(xué)研究所，巖土力學(xué)與工程國家重點實驗室，武漢 430071)
摘 要: 隨著堆浸提銅工藝的推廣，堆浸理論研究不斷推進。滲流傳質(zhì)作為堆浸水力學(xué)過程的主線，是影響礦物浸出速度的關(guān)鍵。當前，礦堆水力學(xué)研究的前沿主要集中在礦堆散體結(jié)構(gòu)表征及堆浸滲流傳質(zhì)過程的模擬。首先介紹以CT技術(shù)和計算機圖像處理技術(shù)為核心的礦堆結(jié)構(gòu)表征研究進展，分析這一技術(shù)在礦堆結(jié)構(gòu)表征上的局限；其次闡述堆浸水力學(xué)過程仿真的發(fā)展，分析傳統(tǒng)模型存在的問題，著重介紹孔隙尺度堆浸模型的種類和特征，認為孔隙尺度模型是實現(xiàn)堆浸過程精細化、機制透明化的發(fā)展趨勢。
關(guān)鍵字: 堆浸；水力學(xué)；結(jié)構(gòu)表征；CT技術(shù)；滲流傳質(zhì)模型
（1. Key Laboratory of High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Information Science and Engineering School, Hunan International Economics University, Changsha 410205, China;
3. State Key Laboratory for Geo-mechanics and Geo-technical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China）
Abstract:Theories on heap leaching has advanced over time with widely operated leach heaps, especially copper heaps. The flow and transport comprise the main research line running through the study on heap hydraulics, which is a critical influence on mineral dissolving rate. Currently, ore aggregate characterisation and coupled flow and transport modelling have become a frontier of the hydraulics research. The structure characterisation advances were reviewed by means of computed tomography (CT) and computational image processing, and the defects of both technologies that limit further progress on structure characterisation were analysed. Subsequently, the development of heap leaching models was traced. Limitation of conventional models was revealed, and the newly merged pore-scale modelling was introduced with emphasis on its features. It is believed that pore-scale model that takes advantage of CT geometry promises to be a potential direction for the advance of leaching models to visualise leaching process and illuminate the mechanisms.
Key words: heap leaching; hydraulics; structure characterisation; computed tomography; flow and transport model
