(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 省部共建復(fù)雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國家重點實驗室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 以含鎳0.82%、含鐵9.67%的某硅鎂型紅土鎳礦為原料開展氫氣低溫還原實驗研究，考察還原溫度、還原時間、氫氣濃度及礦物粒度對鎳、鐵金屬化率的影響。結(jié)果表明：在還原溫度為600 ℃、還原時間90 min及氫氣濃度為60%(體積分?jǐn)?shù))的條件下，紅土鎳礦中鎳、鐵金屬化率分別達(dá)到95%和42%。當(dāng)?shù)V物粒度小于380 μm 時，礦物粒徑對鎳、鐵金屬化率的影響并不明顯。隨著還原溫度的升高，鎳鐵合金([Fe,Ni])的衍射峰呈現(xiàn)先增強后減弱的趨勢，在600 ℃時達(dá)到最大。且隨著溫度的進(jìn)一步升高，無定型含鎂硅酸鹽重結(jié)晶生成鎂橄欖石相，阻礙鎳、鐵的還原。通過氫氣低溫還原，礦物中的氧化鎳幾乎完全還原，部分鐵被還原為金屬鐵與鎳形成了鎳鐵合金，大部分的鐵被還原為鐵的低價氧化物。
關(guān)鍵字: 硅鎂型紅土鎳礦；氫氣；還原特性；金屬化率；鎳鐵合金
（1. Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:The garnieritic laterite ore (0.82% Ni and 9.67% Fe) was used to carry out low-temperature hydrogen reduction experimental study. The effects of reduction temperature, reduction time, hydrogen concentration and mineral size on the metallization rate of nickel and iron were investigated. The results show that metallization rate of nickel and iron are 95% and 42%, respectively, under the conditions of reduction temperature of 600 ℃, reduction time of 90 min and hydrogen concentration of 60% (volum fraction). When the particle size is less than 380 μm, the effect of particle size on the metallization rate of nickel and iron is not obvious. The diffraction peak of nickel-iron alloy ([Fe,Ni]) first increases, and then decreases with the increase of reduction temperature, and reaches a maximum at 600 ℃. In addition, the amorphous silicate is recrystallized to form magnesium olivine hindered the reduction of nickel and iron. A nickel-iron alloy is obtained by the low temperature hydrogen reduction. The nickel oxide is almost completely reduced and most of the iron is reduced to iron low-priced oxide.
Key words: garnieritic laterite ore; hydrogen; reduction characteristic; metallization rate; Fe-Ni alloy
