(1. 鋼鐵研究總院 高溫材料研究所，北京 100081； 2. 鋼鐵研究總院 高溫合金新材料北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100081； 3. 貴州黎陽航空動(dòng)力有限公司，安順 561102)
摘 要: 夾雜物是影響粉末冶金產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的主要因素之一。采用SEM、XRD、EPMA 等手段通過對(duì)等離子旋轉(zhuǎn)電極制粉工藝(PREP)制取的鎳基高溫合金粉末中夾雜物的形貌特征、化學(xué)組成的研究，將不同工序處理后粉末中的夾雜物進(jìn)行分類，統(tǒng)計(jì)分析其存在形式、尺寸、數(shù)量及分布。結(jié)果表明：粉末中的夾雜物按產(chǎn)生機(jī)制和來源主要分為陶瓷、熔渣、有機(jī)物、粉末粘連夾雜物或升華物形成的異常顆粒。經(jīng)過篩分和靜電處理后，殘留在成品粉末中的陶瓷占夾雜物總數(shù)量的7%，熔渣占 53%，有機(jī)物占40%。篩分和靜電分離去除各類夾雜物的能力主要與成品粉末的粒度和夾雜物的密度、介電常數(shù)及其尺寸、形態(tài)有關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵字: PREP 工藝；鎳基高溫合金粉末；夾雜物；粉末處理
（1. High Temperature Material Institute, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Materials, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China; 3. Guizhou Liyang Aero Engine Co., Ltd., Anshun 561102, China）
Abstract:Inclusion is one of the main factors affecting the quality of powder metallurgy products. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) were used to analyze morphology and composition of inclusions in nickel-base superalloy powder by plasma rotation electrode process(PREP). Inclusions in powder after different processing were assorted and analyzed their form, size, quantity and distribution statistically. The results show that inclusions in the powder can be divided into ceramics, slag, organic as well as abnormal particles adhering inclusions or sublimate by formation and source. The ceramic accounts for 7% of the residual inclusions in finished powder particles, 53% for slag, 40% for organic. The ability of removing inclusions by screening and electrostatic separation is associated with product particle size range and density, dielectric constant of inclusions, as well as their size and shape.
Key words: PREP; nickel-base superalloy powder; inclusions; powder processing
