(1. 武漢工程大學(xué) 化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，武漢 430073； 2. 西安大略大學(xué) 表面化學(xué)研究所，安大略 倫敦 N6G 0J3)
摘 要: 采用飛行時(shí)間二次離子質(zhì)譜儀和改良球磨機(jī)研究了磨礦環(huán)境對銅鋅礦礦漿的化學(xué)性質(zhì)和閃鋅礦的表面化學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響。通過采用改良后的球磨機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)磨礦過程中溶液pH、礦漿電位、電導(dǎo)率、溶解氧含量及離子濃度等礦漿化學(xué)性質(zhì)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測。隨著磨礦時(shí)間的延長，礦漿pH值緩慢升高，礦漿電位和溶解氧含量迅速下降。結(jié)果表明：球形磨礦介質(zhì)的直徑越小，礦漿中溶解氧消耗越快，磨礦后礦漿靜電位越低，礦漿的離子濃度也越低。飛行時(shí)間二次離子質(zhì)譜儀對磨礦后閃鋅礦的表面化學(xué)分析表明，磨礦后鐵氧化物和氫氧化物會(huì)附著于閃鋅礦表面，球磨介質(zhì)的材料與尺寸大小對礦物表面存在的二次離子有較大影響。分別與不銹鋼球或者2.54 cm的大球相比，鑄鐵球或1.27 cm的小球可為礦漿提供更多的鐵離子，促進(jìn)磨礦環(huán)境下的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)，從而在閃鋅礦表面累積更多的鐵氧化物或氫氧化物，降低銅離子的吸附。因此，礦漿化學(xué)性質(zhì)和閃鋅礦的表面化學(xué)性質(zhì)受磨礦介質(zhì)的材料與介質(zhì)的尺寸控制。
關(guān)鍵字: 閃鋅礦；磨礦；溶液化學(xué)；表面化學(xué)；飛行時(shí)間二次離子質(zhì)譜
（1. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China; 2. Surface Science Western, Research Park, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. N6G0J3, Canada）
Abstract:This study focuses on the influence of ball mill medium and size on the properties of copper-zinc ore pulp and mineral surface by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and special designed grinding ball mill were applied. The pH, ORP (oxidation-reduction potential), conductivity and dissolved oxygen during grinding were monitored with redesigned chamber. The results show that, with grinding time prolonging, pH gradually increases, while dissolved oxygen content and ORP decrease rapidly. Smaller diameter of spherical grinding medium will result in greater consuming rate of the dissolved oxygen content, whereas lower ORP and pulp ions concentration. Surface chemistry analysis TOF-SIMS was performed on mill discharged sphalerite. It demonstrates that the formation of iron oxide and hydroxide species on sphalerite surface, as well as different types and different sizes of grinding medium can affect the mineral surface. Compared with spherical grinding diameter of 2.54 cm, diameter of 1.27 cm could supply more iron ions for pulp and improve electricity reactions during grinding, thus leading to the formation of more iron oxide and hydroxide species on sphalerite surface and lower adsorption of cupric ions (Cu2+). The same is also true for mild steel compared with stainless steel. From above, the pulp and sphalerite surface chemistry are decided by the types and sizes of grinding medium.
Key words: sphalerite; grinding; pulp chemistry; surface chemistry; time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
