(廣東省稀有金屬研究所 廣東省稀土開(kāi)發(fā)及應(yīng)用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，廣州 510650)
摘 要: 對(duì)某鉑鈀精礦進(jìn)行了工藝礦物學(xué)分析，確定鉑鈀礦物主要為碲鉑鈀礦、硫鉑鈀礦、砷鉑鈀礦、錫鉑鈀礦等礦物，鉑鈀元素在鉑鈀礦物中分布均勻。采用直接氯化浸出工藝浸出該礦中的鉑鈀，考察鹽酸濃度、液固比、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度、氯酸鈉用量、氯酸鈉滴加速率對(duì)鉑鈀浸出率的影響，確定最佳工藝參數(shù)，并對(duì)浸出渣進(jìn)行物相分析，優(yōu)化浸出方案。結(jié)果表明：在最佳條件為鹽酸濃度4 mol/L、液固比4:1、反應(yīng)溫度95 ℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間9 h，氯酸鈉溶液(625 g/L)用量與精礦的液固比為3.2:1(80 mL:25 g)，滴加速度為12 mL/h；在最優(yōu)條件下，鉑、鈀浸出率分別達(dá)到92.83%和99.7%。浸出渣物相分析顯示，未能被浸出的鉑被滑石、鈉長(zhǎng)石及金紅石等礦物完全或部分包裹，導(dǎo)致鉑浸出困難。
關(guān)鍵字: 鉑；鈀；鉑鈀精礦；氯化浸出
（Guangdong Province Research Institute of Rare Metal, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Development and Application, Guangzhou 510650, China）
Abstract:Mineralogy of a Pt-Pd concentrate was characterized and the results show that the Pt-Pd minerals in the concentrates are mainly Te-Pt-Pd minerals, S-Pt-Pd minerals, As-Pt-Pd minerals and Sn-Pt-Pd minerals. And the Pt-Pd elements are not uniform distribution in the Pt-Pd minerals. The chloride leaching process was put forward to realize extraction and separation of Pt-Pd in the minerals. Effects of process parameters on Pt-Pd leaching rate were investigated, including HCl concentration, liquid-solid ratio, reaction1 time, reaction temperature, sodium chlorate dosage and sodium chlorate acceleration rate. The optimum technological parameter is determined. The phase of leaching slag was analyzed and the leaching project was optimized. The result shows that the leaching rate of Pt and Pd reaches 92.83% and 99.7% respectively, under the best leaching conditions of 4 mol/L in HCl concentration, 4:1 in liquid-solid ratio, 95 ℃ in temperature, 9h in reaction time, 3.2:1 in liquid-solid ratio of sodium chlorate solution (625 g/L) dosage and concentrate quality (80 mL:25 g), and 12 mL/h in acceleration rate. Phase analysis of leaching slag shows that a part of Pt that cannot be leached is fully or partially contained by minerals such as talc, albite and rutile, resulting in the difficulty of Pt leaching.
Key words: platinum; palladium; Pt-Pd concentrate; chloride leaching
