(1. 中南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 分析鋰離子電池在低溫工作條件下的性能劣化機(jī)理，闡述溶劑物理性質(zhì)對(duì)電解液低溫性能的影響規(guī)律，總結(jié)目前通過(guò)低黏度及低熔點(diǎn)的溶劑組分、低阻抗的成膜添加劑以及新型鋰鹽來(lái)改善電池低溫性能的研究工作。同時(shí)，探討鋰離子電池在高溫工作條件下容量衰減機(jī)制，綜述目前改善鋰離子電池高溫性能的主要方法，包括采用高溫成膜添加劑、耐高溫鋰鹽以及鋰鹽穩(wěn)定劑。在此基礎(chǔ)上指出目前寬溫域鋰離子電池發(fā)展面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)，展望鋰離子寬溫域電解液的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋰離子電池；寬溫域電解液；低溫性能；高溫性能；線性羧酸酯；添加劑
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The degradation mechanism of lithium ion battery under low temperature was analyzed. The effect regularity of physical properties of solvent on low temperature performance of electrolyte was also described. Then, the research works of improving the low temperature performances of batteries by using low melting point and low viscosity solvent, low-impedance film-forming additives, new lithium salts were summarized. Meanwhile, the capacity attenuation mechanism of lithium ion battery under elevated temperature working conditions was also discussed. The main methods of improving the high temperature stability of lithium ion battery were reviewed, containing using high temperature film additive, high temperature lithium salt and lithium salt stabilizer. On these basis, the domain challenges and the development trend of lithium ion battery working in a wide temperature scope was prospected.
Key words: lithium-ion battery; wide-temperature electrolyte; low-temperature performance; high-temperature performance; linear carboxylic acid esters; additive
