(1. 廣西大學(xué) 資源與冶金學(xué)院，南寧 530004；
2. 中南大學(xué) 資源與安全工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 在銅坑礦92號礦體裂隙礦巖崩落法開采區(qū)域選取試驗(yàn)區(qū)，闡述崩落法回采過程巷道頂板危險區(qū)域確定的解構(gòu)法和數(shù)值模擬法的具體內(nèi)涵，對兩種方法計(jì)算結(jié)果及差異性進(jìn)行分析比較。結(jié)果表明：解構(gòu)法能夠準(zhǔn)確解算危險結(jié)構(gòu)體可能失穩(wěn)的形式和具體賦存位置，但其從矢量角度確立的危險結(jié)構(gòu)體數(shù)量、危險區(qū)域分布范圍比真實(shí)情況略小，巷道穩(wěn)定性結(jié)果略高；數(shù)值模擬法考慮卸荷和爆破作用影響，對回采過程頂板下沉、結(jié)構(gòu)體失穩(wěn)狀態(tài)分析較準(zhǔn)確，但采用虛擬裂隙面控制結(jié)構(gòu)面發(fā)育范圍，導(dǎo)致確立的危險結(jié)構(gòu)體數(shù)目過多，巷道穩(wěn)定性比工程實(shí)際略低；工程應(yīng)用中應(yīng)以解構(gòu)法為主、數(shù)值模擬法為輔，綜合確定巷道頂板危險區(qū)域。
關(guān)鍵字: 巷道頂板；危險區(qū)域；解構(gòu)法；數(shù)值模擬法；崩落法開采
（1. College of Resources and Metallurgy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The test area was selected in caving mining area of No. 92 ore body’s fracture ore rock at Tongkeng Minewas. The concrete connotation of the deconstruction method and numerical simulation method of determination of tunnel roof’s dangerous area in caving stoping process were described. The comparative analysis of calculation results and differences between these two methods was carried out. The results show that, firstly, the deconstruction method can accurately deconstruct the possible bulking forms and concrete occurrence positions of dangerous structural bodies. However, the number of dangerous structural bodies and the distribution range of dangerous area established by this method from aspects of vector are slightly smaller than real situation, and the results of roadway stability are slightly higher. Secondly, the numerical simulation method considers the influence of unloading and blasting action, so that it can more accurately analyze the roof subsidence and unstable states of structural bodies in stoping process. Nonetheless, it applies the virtual fracture surface to control the development range of structural planes, resulting in that the number of established dangerous structural bodies is excessive and the roadway stability is slightly lower than engineering practice. Thirdly, the deconstruction method should occupy dominant position, aided by the numerical simulation method, to comprehensively determine the dangerous area of roadway roof in engineering applications.
Key words: roadway roof; dangerous area; deconstruction method; numerical simulation method; caving mining method
