(中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 鋁電解槽內(nèi)電解質(zhì)與內(nèi)襯界面?zhèn)鳠嵯禂?shù)直接決定電解槽熱平衡。基于多相流理論及壁函數(shù)方法，建立了鋁電解槽電解質(zhì)與內(nèi)襯界面的換熱系數(shù)計算數(shù)學(xué)模型，在商業(yè)數(shù)值計算軟件上實現(xiàn)對傳熱推動力、傳熱系數(shù)分布的計算。研究結(jié)果表明：陽極氣泡的作用處于主導(dǎo)地位，但電磁力的作用也不能被忽略，在進(jìn)行換熱系數(shù)計算時，需同時考慮二者的共同影響；在電解槽的大面及小面槽幫處，換熱系數(shù)的分布主要受電解質(zhì)流動的影響，而對于陽極底部則由于氣泡層的阻礙使得此區(qū)域的傳熱系數(shù)較小；陽極開槽會增大電解質(zhì)與陽極的換熱系數(shù)，但會一定程度上減小電解質(zhì)與槽幫的換熱系數(shù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解槽；數(shù)值計算；換熱系數(shù)
（School of Metallurgy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The heat transfer coefficient between the bath and lining determines the heat balance in aluminum reduction cell. Based on the multiphase theory, turbulence model and wall function method, a numerical simulation model of heat transfer coefficient between the bath and lining was built and calculated in comercial codes. The heat transfer driving force and the heat transfer distribution were calculated. The results show that the anode bubbles are the main driving force, while the influence of electromagnetic force can’t be ignored, both of them need to be considered in the calculation of heat transfer coefficient. Moreover, the heat transfer coefficient is determined by the bath flow in cell sides and ends, while it is small in the anode bottom because of the obsturction effect of the anode bubbles. Anode cutting will increase the heat transfer coefficient between bath and anode, however, reduce the heat transfer coefficient between bath and aideledge.
Key words: aluminum electrolysis; numerical simulation; heat transfer coefficient
