(東北大學(xué) 冶金學(xué)院，沈陽 110819)
摘 要: 采用熱分析研究低品位氧化鋅礦與硫酸銨的焙燒過程，考察銨礦比、焙燒溫度、焙燒時間對鋅提取率的影響；采用XRD分析揭示氧化鋅礦中有價組元在焙燒中的反應(yīng)過程和相變行為；討論焙燒過程中發(fā)生的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明：合適的反應(yīng)條件為銨礦比1.4:1、焙燒溫度475 ℃、焙燒時間60 min；硫酸銨焙燒低品位氧化鋅礦是多相反應(yīng)，ZnO和ZnCO3與硫酸銨反應(yīng)先生成(NH4)2Zn(SO4)2，升溫后分解得到ZnSO4；鐵氧化物與硫酸銨反應(yīng)先生成(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3，分解得到NH4Fe(SO4)2；CaCO3和PbO在400 ℃以上焙燒時轉(zhuǎn)化為硫酸鈣和硫酸鉛。
關(guān)鍵字: 低品位氧化鋅礦；硫酸銨；反應(yīng)過程；相變行為
（School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:The process of roasting low grade zinc oxide ore with ammonium sulfate was studied by thermal analysis, and the influences of ratio of ammonium sulfate to zinc oxide ore, roasting temperature and roasting time on the extraction ratio of zinc oxide were investigated. The XRD analysis was adopted to illuminate the reaction process and the phases transformation behavior of the valuable compositions in zinc oxide ore. Finally, the chemical reactions occured in roasting process were discussed. The results show that appropriate reaction conditions are as follows, ratio of ammonium sulfate to zinc oxide ore of 1.4:1, roasting temperature of 475 ℃ and roasting time of 60 min. Roasting low grade zinc oxide ore using ammonium sulfate is a multiphase process. Firstly, ZnO and ZnCO3 react with ammonium sulfate to produce (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2, which then decomposes into ZnSO4. Similarly, (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3 is first obtained, and then is decomposes into NH4Fe(SO4)2. CaSO4 forms from CaCO3 and PbO transformes into PbSO4 when reaction temperature is above 400 ℃.
Key words: low grade zinc oxide ore; ammonium sulfate; reaction process; phase transformation behavior
