(云南大學(xué) 化學(xué)科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，昆明 650091)
摘 要: 對(duì)使用溴代十六烷基吡啶(HPB) 作為萃取劑，在堿性氰化液中同時(shí)萃取富集鈀、鉑進(jìn)行考察，對(duì)影響萃取富集效率的各種因素：稀釋劑種類、溴代十六烷基吡啶濃度、改性劑用量、相比、萃取時(shí)間、水相中Pd(II)和Pt(II)濃度及溶液的pH值進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：使用溴代十六烷基吡啶濃度為0.05 mol/L，正辛醇含量為30%(體積分?jǐn)?shù))，相比(O/A)為1:5的有機(jī)相，在pH=10.5堿性氰化液中，5 min內(nèi)能將Pd(II)(＜70 mg/L)和Pt(II)(＜60 mg/L)從水相轉(zhuǎn)移至有機(jī)相，采用NH4SCN溶液反萃有機(jī)相中的Pd(II)和Pt(II)，采用斜率法、紅外和紫外光譜分析對(duì)萃取機(jī)理進(jìn)行推測(cè)，該方法可運(yùn)用于鈀、鉑浮選精礦氰化浸出液中Pd(II)和Pt(II)的萃取，富集倍數(shù)為15，回收率大于95%。
關(guān)鍵字: 堿性氰化液；溴代十六烷基吡啶；鈀；鉑
（School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China）
Abstract:Simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of Pd(II) and Pt(II) from alkaline cyanide solution using hexadecylpyridinium bromide(HPB) as extractant were investigated. The factors affecting extraction and preconcentration efficiency, including diluent type, concentration of hexadecylpyridinium bromide, content of modifier, phase ratio (O/A), contact time of aqueous and organic phase, concentrations of Pd(II) and Pt(II) and pH value of solution, were studied. The results indicate that, at concentration of hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPB) 0.05 mol/L, content of n-octyl alcohol 30% (volume fraction), phase ratio(O/A)=1:5, pH values 10.5 contact time of 5 min, Pd(II)(＜70 mg/L) and Pt(II)(＜60 mg/L) in alkaline cyanide solution can be transferred from the aqueous phase into the organic phase. Ammonium thiocyanate solution can be used as stripping agent. The extraction mechanism can be deduced based on slope analysis，F(xiàn)TIR spectrum and UV spectrum. The proposed method was applied to extract of Pd(II) and Pt(II) from leaching cyanide liquor of Pt-Pd flotation concentrate. The enrichment factor of 15 is achieved. The recovery rate is high than 95%.
Key words: alkaline cyanide solution; hexadecylpyridinium bromide; palladium; platinum
