(1. 中南大學 冶金與環(huán)境學院，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學 國家重金屬污染防治工程技術(shù)研究中心，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以典型赤泥堆場為研究對象，分析自然環(huán)境條件下赤泥堆場的鹽分組成變化。結(jié)果表明：隨著堆存年限的增加，赤泥中鹽含量呈降低趨勢；CO32-是赤泥中占主導地位的陰離子，約占陰離子組成比例的34.14%~73.26%；赤泥可交換態(tài)陽離子及水溶態(tài)陽離子以Na+為主，可交換態(tài)Na+占可交換態(tài)陽離子組成比例60.50%~83.94%，水溶態(tài)Na+占水溶態(tài)陽離子組成比例71.32%~91.16%；隨著堆置年限的增加，赤泥中Ca2+、HCO3-含量升高，而Na+、SO42-、CO32-含量降低，K+、Mg2+含量變化趨勢不明顯；赤泥中鹽含量和SO42-、CO32-、Na+含量呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系，而與HCO3-、Ca2+、Mg2+含量呈負相關(guān)關(guān)系。Na+含量和CO32-含量過高是赤泥高鹽分含量的主要原因，這為赤泥堆場土壤化處置和植被重建過程中鹽分調(diào)控提供科學依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 赤泥；赤泥堆場；堆存年限；鹽分組成；土壤化
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Residue samples from different stacking times were collected to investigate the salt composition change with the increasing stacking time in bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDAs). The results show that the salt contents in BRDAs decrease with the increasing stacking time. The dominant anion is CO32-, which accounted for 34.14%-73.26% whilst water- and ammonium acetate-extractable Na+ accounted for 60.50%-83.94% and 71.32%-91.16%. Sodium, CO32- and SO42- concentrations decrease, while HCO3- and Ca2+ concentrations increase, but K+ and Mg2+ concentrations have no obvious changes. The correlations between salt contents and CO32-, SO42-, Na+ concentrations are positive. The relatively high concentrations of Na+ and CO32- contribute to the high salinity in bauxite residue disposal areas, and prevent the potential for the revegetation of bauxite residue.
Key words: bauxite residue; bauxite residue disposal area; stacking age; salt component; soil formation
