(1. 哈爾濱工程大學(xué) 船舶工程學(xué)院，哈爾濱 150003；
2. 中船黃埔文沖船舶有限公司，廣州 510715；
3. 河北科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，石家莊 050018)
摘 要: 采用雙面雙弧錯(cuò)位TIG填絲立向焊工藝對(duì)1561高鎂鋁合金進(jìn)行焊接，并對(duì)接頭的顯微組織和力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明：焊縫中無氣孔和裂紋缺陷；1561鋁合金雙面雙弧錯(cuò)位立向焊縫橫截面存在著“人”字形粗晶區(qū)，粗晶區(qū)兩側(cè)和下方有細(xì)晶區(qū)，同時(shí)，在部分熔化區(qū)出現(xiàn)了范圍較窄的粗晶區(qū)；正反面焊道的顯微硬度均低于母材的，但熱影響區(qū)并沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的軟化現(xiàn)象。焊接接頭的抗拉強(qiáng)度達(dá)到了母材的90%以上，力學(xué)性能良好；接頭粗晶區(qū)的存在與雙面雙弧錯(cuò)位TIG焊的溫度場(chǎng)和熔池流場(chǎng)有關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵字: 焊接接頭；雙面雙弧錯(cuò)位立焊；組織非均勻性；維氏硬度
（1. School of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150003, China;
2. China State Shipbuilding Corporation Huangpu Wenchong Shipbuilding Company Limited,
Guangzhou 510715, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology,
Shijiazhuang 050018, China）
Abstract:1561 high magnesium aluminum alloy was welded by double-sided arc misplaced arc welding process, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed. The results show that the welds are free of pores and cracks, pores and cracks are not observed in the welds cross section of 1561 aluminum alloy. The herringbone coarse grain zone is observed in the weld cross section of 1561 aluminum alloy by the double-sided arc dislocation vertical welding, mixing fine grain zones on both sides of and below the herringbone coarse grain zone, and there is narrow range of coarse grain zone in the partially melted zone. The microhardness on positive and negative of the weld is lower than that in the base metal, but there is no obvious softening phenomenon in the heat affected zone. The tensile strength of welded joints reaches 90% of that of the base metal, so, the mechanical properties are good. The occurrence of coarse grain zone in the weld is studied and may be related to the temperature field and the flow field of double-sided arc dislocation TIG welding.
Key words: welded joint; double-sided dislocation vertical welding; tissue heterogeneity; Vickers hardness
