(1. 中國科學(xué)院 過程工程研究所，北京 100190；
2. 中國科學(xué)院 綠色過程與工程重點實驗室，北京 100190；
3. 中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)，北京 100049)
摘 要: 采用酸化伯胺A-N1923-酒石酸鈉體系，研究強(qiáng)堿性溶液中的釩、鉻萃取分離行為，同時考察鋁在釩、鉻萃取分離過程中的走向。結(jié)果表明:堿性溶液中添加少量的酒石酸鈉，可顯著抑制釩鉻的共萃，即使在濃度大于0.1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中，仍然可以實現(xiàn)釩、鉻的萃取分離；釩、鉻、鋁的萃取分離受酒石酸鈉濃度、料液初始堿度、初始釩鉻濃度、萃取相比及萃取劑濃度等影響較大。當(dāng)料液pH值在10~13之間時，釩/鉻、鋁/鉻的分離系數(shù)可分別達(dá)到89和60。298 K時，有機(jī)相對釩的飽和萃取容量為5.855 g/L。萃取負(fù)載有機(jī)相可以先用0.5 mol/L的硝酸鈉溶液選擇性反萃鋁，然后用1.5 mol/L的硝酸鈉溶液反萃釩，反萃后有機(jī)相可再生循環(huán)使用。
關(guān)鍵字: 釩；鉻；萃取；分離；堿性溶液；伯胺
（1. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
3. Graduate of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China）
Abstract:A novel liquid-liquid solvent extraction approach was studied by using acidified primary amine A-N1923- sodium tartrate system to separate V and Cr in strongly alkaline aqueous solution. The distribute behavior of Al during the process of extraction and separation of V and Cr was also investigated. The experimental results reveal that co-extraction of V and Cr can be avoided if previously adding sodium tartrate into the aqueous solutions. An effective separation of V and Al from Cr can be achieved even when NaOH concentration is above 0.1 mol/L. The concentrations of sodium tartrate, initial aqueous alkalinity, initial metal ion concentration ratios of V to Cr, extraction phase volume ratio of A/O and the concentration of extractant, acidified primary amine N1923, have significant influence on the separation of V, Cr and Al. When aqueous pH value is between 10 and 13, the separation factors of V/Al and V/Cr can reach 89 and 60, respectively. The extraction loading capacity of V in organic phase can reach 5.855 g/L at 298 K. After extraction, Al can be stripped selectively from the loaded organic phase by 0.5 mol/L sodium nitrate solution, and then, V can be stripped by 1.5 mol/L sodium nitrate solution. The organic phase could be re-used after stripping of V and Al. The present work provides a new strategy to extract and separate V and Cr from the strongly alkaline leaching solution produced by sub-molten salt method for treating the high chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite ores from Panzhihua in China.
Key words: vanadium; chromium; solvent extraction; separation; alkaline solution; primary amine
