(蘭州理工大學(xué) 省部共建有色金屬先進(jìn)加工與再利用國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，蘭州 730050)
摘 要: 在不同溫度下對45號鋼基材上制備的高鋁青銅等離子噴焊層進(jìn)行熱擴(kuò)散處理，研究噴焊層與基體之間元素擴(kuò)散對噴焊層組織及摩擦性能的影響。采用OM、XRD、SEM、EDS分析噴焊層表面、界面組織結(jié)構(gòu)及Fe、Al元素界面擴(kuò)散；采用拉伸法測定噴焊層結(jié)合強(qiáng)度；采用銷-盤式摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)測試噴焊層摩擦磨損性能。結(jié)果表明:熱擴(kuò)散處理使噴焊層組織成分偏析情況得到改善；噴焊層的冶金結(jié)合帶變寬，產(chǎn)生明顯的元素擴(kuò)散現(xiàn)象，在650 ℃熱擴(kuò)散處理之后噴焊層結(jié)合強(qiáng)度達(dá)448.93 MPa；480 ℃熱擴(kuò)散處理后的噴焊層摩擦性能最穩(wěn)定、磨損量最低，硬、軟質(zhì)相形態(tài)分布及Fe元素含量兩種摩擦性能影響因素達(dá)到有機(jī)結(jié)合，獲得最佳的耐磨減摩性能；噴焊層經(jīng)熱擴(kuò)散處理后磨損機(jī)制均為以磨粒磨損為主，局部存在粘著磨損及疲勞磨損。
關(guān)鍵字: 高鋁青銅；組織；性能；熱擴(kuò)散；界面擴(kuò)散；摩擦；磨損
（State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nonferrous Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China）
Abstract:The phase structure and interface diffusion of ferrum and aluminumin in the plasma welded high Al bronze coatings with three different temperatures of thermal diffusion were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion spectroscopy. The interface bonding strength was measured by tensile test. The tribological properties were studied by pine-on-disk wear machine. The results show that the microstructure segregation of high Al bronze plasma welding coatings are improved by thermal diffusion process. Thermal diffusion widens the metallurgical layer, and significant element diffusion is observed, the bonding strength reaches 448.93 MPa after thermal diffusion at 650 ℃. The best tribological properties are obtained after thermal diffusion at 480 ℃, which caused by the species distribution of the hard and soft phases and the Fe content. The wear mechanisms are abrasive wear, which is the dominating wear mechanism, fatigue wear and adhesive wear.
Key words: high aluminum bronze; microstructure; property; thermal diffusion; interface diffusion; friction; wear
