(1. 中南大學(xué) 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 高性能復(fù)雜制造國家重點(diǎn)實驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 利用有限元分析軟件MSC.Marc，研究板料初始溫度、壓邊力、保壓時間等工藝參數(shù)對制件厚度、回彈的影響規(guī)律，并通過6061鋁合金板材熱沖壓實驗驗證仿真分析的可靠性。結(jié)果表明:板料熱沖壓初始溫度在465~565 ℃范圍內(nèi)變化時對該制件厚度分布和回彈量的影響不大；壓邊力對制件成形質(zhì)量影響明顯，本工況下選用3 kN較為合適；兼顧制件保壓結(jié)束時刻的溫度以及最終的回彈量，保壓時間選擇5 s左右比較合適。進(jìn)一步開展成形制件熱處理后的力學(xué)性能測試分析，并與常規(guī)固溶淬火-時效熱處理后的6061-T6鋁合金進(jìn)行比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)熱沖壓制件的力學(xué)性能并未弱化，且同一熱沖壓制件不同位置硬度差異在10%以內(nèi)。
關(guān)鍵字: 6061鋁合金；熱沖壓；回彈；有限元模擬
（1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The factors affecting the thickness and the springback of the parts were investigated including initial blank temperature, blank holder force (BHF) and the holding time using MSC.Marc finite element analysis software. The reliability of finite element simulation was proved by the hot stamping experiments of 6061 aluminum alloy. The results show that sheet metal initial temperature has a little influence on the thickness and the springback when it changes in the range of 465-565 ℃. The influence of BHF on the forming quality of aluminum alloy is obvious. The use of 3 kN is more appropriate. Combined with the temperature and the final amount of springback in the end of the product, the time selection of 5 s is appropriate. The mechanical properties of the forming parts were analyzed, and compared with the conventional solid solution quenched and aged 6061-T6. It is found that the mechanical properties of hot stamping parts have not been weakened, and the hardness of the same hot stamping parts is less than 10%.
Key words: 6061 aluminum alloy; hot stamping forming; springback; finite element simulation
