(南昌航空大學 輕合金加工科學與技術(shù)國防重點學科實驗室，南昌 330063)
摘 要: 選用三維五向和三維正交兩種編織結(jié)構(gòu)的纖維預制體，采用真空氣壓浸滲法制備纖維3D-Cf/Al復合材料，研究編織結(jié)構(gòu)對3D-Cf/Al復合材料顯微組織和拉伸強度的影響。結(jié)果表明:編織結(jié)構(gòu)對3D-Cf/Al復合材料的顯微組織與力學性能具有顯著影響。其中，三維五向和三維正交Cf/Al復合材料平均致密度分別為97.7%和98.3%，三維五向Cf/Al復合材料存在少量的束間孔洞、氣孔缺陷，而三維正交Cf/Al復合材料存在少量纖維團聚缺陷;三維五向Cf/Al復合材料的拉伸強度、拉伸模量及泊松比均明顯高于三維正交Cf/Al復合材料的，二者的平均拉伸強度分別為753.5 MPa和644.1 MPa，拉伸模量分別為194 GPa和150 GPa，泊松比分別為0.89和0.04;三維五向Cf/Al復合材料的抗彎強度、彎曲模量均明顯低于三維正交Cf/Al復合材料的，二者平均抗彎強度分別為931.8 MPa和1010.3 MPa，彎曲模量分別為134.2 GPa和154.6 GPa。通過對預制體編織結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計，可實現(xiàn)3D-Cf/Al復合材料性能設(shè)計。
關(guān)鍵字: 3D-Cf/Al復合材料;顯微組織;力學性能;真空氣壓浸滲
（National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,
Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:The vacuum pressure infiltration was performed for 3D-Cf/Al composites of the carbon fiber, the performs are 3D five-direction and 3D orthogonal braiding structures. The effects of braiding structures on microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-Cf/Al composites were studied. The results show that the braiding structures have significant effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-Cf/Al composites. The average densities of 3D five-direction and 3D orthogonal braided composites are 97.7% and 98.3%, respectively. There are a small number of holes and porosities between the beams in 3D five-direction braided composites, while 3D orthogonal braided composites exist a little fiber aggregate defects. The tensile strength, tensile modulus and Poisson ratio of 3D five-direction braided composites are higher than those of 3D orthogonal braided composites. Both of their average tensile strength are 753.5 MPa and 644.1 MPa, tensile modulus are 194 GPa and 150 GPa, Poisson ratios are 0.89 and 0.04, respectively. In addition, bending strength and flexural modulus of 3D five-direction braided composites are lower than 3D orthogonal braided composites significantly. Both of their average bending strength are 931.8MPa and 1010.3 MPa, the flexural modulus are 134.2 GPa and 154.6 GPa, respectively. The mechanical properties of 3D-Cf/Al composites are determined by their designed braiding structure of perform.
Key words: 3D-Cf/Al composites; microstructure; mechanical property; vacuum pressure infiltration
