(1. 南華大學 礦業(yè)工程博士后流動站，衡陽 421001；
2. 南華大學 污染控制與資源化技術湖南省高校重點實驗室，衡陽 421001；
3. 南華大學 鈾礦冶生物技術國防重點學科實驗室，衡陽 421001)
摘 要: 以厭氧顆粒污泥為對象，測試其對不同濃度U(Ⅵ)(2.4~12 mg/L)的去除效果，通過環(huán)境掃描電子顯微鏡(ESEM)和高通量測序技術等方法解析鈾脅迫下微生物群落結構特性。結果表明：在初始U(Ⅵ)濃度為9.6mg/L、pH為6、投加濕污泥2g(污泥的可揮發(fā)性懸浮在體濃度為0.1g)條件下，U(Ⅵ)的去除率最高，達到95.1%；顆粒污泥中微生物以直徑約1 μm的球形細菌為主，能譜分析(EDS)也證明細胞表面鈾的存在。高通量測序得到15939條有效序列，可劃分操作分類單元939個。樣品文庫覆蓋率為0.967，Shannon指數、ACE指數和Chao1指數分別為4.099、3140.55與2122.53，表明樣品具有較高的微生物多樣性與豐富度。菌屬分類顯示：顆粒污泥中包含許多典型的鈾還原固定菌屬，如Acinetobacter、Clostridium、Pseudomonas、Sulfurovum、Sulfurospirillum及Trichococcus，這是顆粒污泥具有高效除鈾效果與耐鈾性能的原因。
關鍵字: 耐鈾性能；顆粒污泥；微生物群落；高通量測序
（1. Postdoctoral Research Centre of Mining Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001,China;
2. Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology,
University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
3. Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy,
University of south China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:Anaerobic granular sludge was used for uranium removal under various U (Ⅵ) concentrations (2.4-12 mg/L). The environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and high throughput sequencing were carried out for microbial community structure analysis. The results show that the maximum uranium removal rate of 95.1% is achieved under the conditions of initial U(Ⅵ) concentration of 9.6 mg/L, pH value of 6 and wet sludge of 2g (the volatile suspended solid concentration is 0.1g). ESEM results show that the spherical bacteria with diameters of 1 μm is the dominant microorganisms in granular sludge. The energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) proves the existence of uranium in the cell surface. The total dataset comprises 15939 high quality sequences, which can be divided into 939 operational taxonomic units. There are high microbial diversity and abundance in the granular sludge as the library coverage is 0.967, and the Shannon index, ACE index and Chao1 index are 4.099, 3140.55 and 2122.53, respectively. Genus classification indicates that there are many typical uranium-reducing or precipitated bacteria, such as Acinetobacter, Clostridium, Pseudomonas, Sulfurovum, Sulfurospirillum and Trichococcus, which contributes to high efficiency of uranium removal and uranium-resistant property in the granular sludge.
Key words: uranium-resistant property; granular sludge; microbial community; high throughput sequencing
