(1. 河南科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，洛陽 471023；
2. 河南科技大學(xué) 河南省耐磨材料工程技術(shù)研究中心，洛陽 471003；
3. 河南科技大學(xué) 河南省有色金屬共性技術(shù)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心，洛陽 471023)
摘 要: 采用水熱-共還原法制備W-30Cu(質(zhì)量分數(shù)，%)納米復(fù)合粉末，并通過冷壓制坯、真空燒結(jié)和包覆熱擠壓的工藝制備出納米W-30Cu電接觸材料，經(jīng)擠壓后致密度達到98.82%，硬度和導(dǎo)電率分別為224HB和44%IACS。利用JF04C型電接觸試驗機對其進行不同操作次數(shù)的電接觸性能測試實驗，利用掃描電鏡(SEM)、能譜(EDS)等方法分析電弧侵蝕后觸頭表面微觀形貌和元素分布，探討材料在直流電弧下的轉(zhuǎn)移機理。結(jié)果表明：直流電弧引起陽極材料轉(zhuǎn)移，Cu相向陰極轉(zhuǎn)移并在陰極沉積；材料轉(zhuǎn)移引起富Cu區(qū)和富W區(qū)的存在，同時產(chǎn)生孔洞、裂紋、珊瑚狀結(jié)構(gòu)等多種電弧侵蝕形貌。接觸電阻介于0.60~0.73 mΩ，W-30Cu電接觸材料表現(xiàn)出良好的綜合電性能。
關(guān)鍵字: 水熱法；W-Cu電接觸材料；直流電弧；電弧侵蝕
（1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
2. Henan Engineering Research Center for Wear of Materials,
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
3. Henan Province Nonferrous Metal Commonness Technology of Collaborative Innovation Center,
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China）
Abstract:The W-30Cu electrical contact material was fabricated by cold isostatic pressing process, vacuum sintering and hot extrusion with W-30Cu nanocomposite powder that was prepared by hydrothermal-coreduction method. The relative density can reach 98.82%, the hardness is up to 224HB and conductivity is 44%IACS. In order to search the transformation mechanism of W-30Cu electrical contact material, some contact tests were carried out through JF04C electrical material testing system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were employed to observe the microstructure and element distribution in contact surface after arc erosion. The results show that the direct current (DC) arc causes the transferring of anode material and depositing on the cathode surface; the transfer of materials leads to the existing of rich W region and rich Cu region, as well as the generating of the special morphology of pores, cracks and coral-like structure. The W-30Cu electrical contact material has small contact resistance in the range of 0.60-0.73 mΩ, which shows better performance under DC condition.
Key words: hydrothermal method; W-30Cu electrical contact material; direct current arc; arc erosio
