(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 新材料技術(shù)研究院 材料先進(jìn)制備技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083；
2. 遼寧忠旺集團(tuán)有限公司，遼陽 111000)
摘 要: 采用擠壓金屬質(zhì)點(diǎn)逆向追蹤方法，分析了鋁合金空心型材擠壓過程中型材橫斷面溫度分布不均勻性的原因及主要影響因素。結(jié)果表明：擠壓過程中質(zhì)點(diǎn)在分流孔內(nèi)流動時的溫度變化對模孔出口處型材橫斷面溫度分布不均勻性的影響較大，而在焊合室內(nèi)和模孔內(nèi)流動時，溫度變化對模孔出口處型材橫斷面溫度分布不均勻性影響較小；擠壓過程中各項(xiàng)熱流作用對型材橫斷面溫度分布不均勻性的影響程度由大到小依次為摩擦熱、塑性變形熱以及金屬與工模具間的傳熱；通過模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和擠壓工藝參數(shù)合理化，可使空心型材橫斷面溫度分布的不均勻性得到較大的改善。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；空心型材；分流模擠壓；金屬流動；橫斷面溫度；不均勻性
（1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Ministry of Education,
Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Liaoning Zhongwang Group Co., Ltd., Liaoyang 111000, China）
Abstract:The reverse point tracking method was used to study the reason and influence factors of the temperature inhomogeneity on the cross section of Al alloy hollow profile. The results show that the temperature change in dividing process has a great effect on the temperature inhomogeneity on the cross section of the profile, while the effects of temperature change on the temperature inhomogeneity on the cross section of the profile in welding chamber and die hole are smaller. The influence extent of heat transfer during the extrusion on the temperature inhomogeneity on the cross section of the profile from large to small is friction heat deformation heat, and the heat transfer between the metal and die. By using the die structure design and the rationalization of extrusion parameters, the temperature inhomogeneity on the cross section of hollow profile is greatly improved.
Key words: Al alloy; hollow profile; porthole die extrusion; metal flow; cross section temperature; inhomogeneity
