(北京科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 利用分子動(dòng)力學(xué)(MD)理論設(shè)計(jì)合成了一種新型含氮磷硼酸酯極壓抗磨添加劑NBPE，分別采用元素分析儀和紅外光譜儀(FTIR)對(duì)分子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征。采用熱重分析法(TG)和飽和蒸汽法分別考察化合物的熱穩(wěn)定性與水解穩(wěn)定性；采用四球摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)考察NBPE的含量對(duì)潤滑油摩擦學(xué)性能的影響；利用立式萬能摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)研究不同潤滑條件下鋼-銅摩擦副的摩擦磨損性能；利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察試樣表面磨痕形貌，利用能譜分析儀(EDS)分析磨斑表面附著物組成。結(jié)果表明：NBPE是一種具有良好熱穩(wěn)定性、水解穩(wěn)定性和優(yōu)異的極壓、抗磨性的潤滑油添加劑；添加劑在金屬表面發(fā)生摩擦化學(xué)反應(yīng)形成摩擦化學(xué)產(chǎn)物是提高其極壓、抗磨性能的根本原因；當(dāng)潤滑油中NBPE的含量為0.15%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))時(shí)，潤滑油具有最佳的極壓、抗磨性能，其油膜強(qiáng)度提高了148%，磨斑直徑降低了23.2%；在鋼-銅摩擦過程中，摩擦因數(shù)和銅磨損率分別降低了59.4%和45.2%，獲得光潔度較好的銅表面。
關(guān)鍵字: 硼酸酯；摩擦；磨損；鋼-銅摩擦副；分子動(dòng)力學(xué)
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:A new extreme pressure and anti-wear additive of nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing boric acid ester (NBPE) was designed and synthesized by molecular dynamics method and characterized by infrared spectroscopy and element analysis. The thermal stability and hydrolytic stability of compounds were examined by thermogravimetric analyzer and saturated steam method, respectively. The effect of the NBPE lubricants content on the tribological behavior was investigated using four-ball friction and wear tester. The friction and wear properties of copper-steel friction pairs under different lubrication oils were measured by vertical universal test machine. The surface morphologies of the grinding crack were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the composition of its surface attachments was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results show that NBPE has good thermal stability and hydrolytic stability, and it also exhibits excellent extreme pressure, anti-wear properties as additives in lubricating oils. The lubricant exhibits excellent extreme pressure and wear-resistance attribute to the tribochemical reaction of nitrogen-containing boric acid ester with the sliding surface. When the content of NBPE is 0.15% (mass fraction), it has the best extreme pressure and anti-wear performance, the maximum non-seizure load (pB) value is increased by 148% and the wear scar diameter is decreased by 23.3%. In steel-copper friction process, the coefficient of friction and the wear rate of copper are also reduced by 59.4% and 45.2%, respectively. And a good copper surface can be obtained.
Key words: boric acid ester; friction; wear; copper-steel friction pair; molecular dynamics
