(1. 廣州有色金屬研究院 粉末冶金研究所，廣州 510650；
2. 中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用高速壓制(HVC)方法成形Al2O3質(zhì)量含量分別為0.34%、1.00%和3.19%的3種彌散銅合金粉末，研究不同粉末HVC的成形效果和壓坯的燒結(jié)性能。結(jié)果表明：壓坯致密度隨沖擊能量的增加而增加，隨Al2O3含量的增加有所降低。在最大沖擊能量為927.5 J時(shí)，3種粉末壓坯的最大致密度分別達(dá)到98.4%、96.2%和93.4%。壓坯在氫氣中經(jīng)1080 ℃燒結(jié)1 h后，致密度并無(wú)明顯變化，但導(dǎo)電率顯著提高，同時(shí)硬度略有降低。所制備的3種Al2O3彌散強(qiáng)化銅合金的導(dǎo)電率分別為81.0%(IACS)、64.1%(IACS)和48.3%(IACS)，硬度分別為77.3、85.7和81.3 HRB。3種燒結(jié)合金在氫氣中經(jīng)1080 ℃處理2 h后，其硬度基本保持不變。整體而言，采用HVC法制備含0.34%Al2O3的彌散銅合金具有良好的導(dǎo)電率、硬度和抗高溫軟化性能，可基本滿(mǎn)足點(diǎn)焊電極的實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅合金；Al2O3彌散強(qiáng)化銅合金；高速壓制；導(dǎo)電率；硬度
（1. Department of Powder Metallurgy, Guangzhou Research Institute of Non-ferrous Metals,
Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. State Key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The high-velocity compaction (HVC) was applied to press three kinds of dispersion copper alloy powders with Al2O3 mass fraction of 0.34%, 1.00% and 3.19%, respectively. The forming effects of powders and the following sintered properties were studied. The results show that the relative density of green compact increases with increasing the impact energy, and decreases with increasing the Al2O3 content. When the largest impact energy is 927.5 J, the maximum relative densities of compacts of the three powders reaches 98.4%，96.2% and 93.4%, respectively. After being sintered at 1080 ℃ in hydrogen for 1 h, the relative density of compacts has no obvious change, the electrical conductivity is significantly improved and the hardness slightly decreases. The electrical conductivity and hardness of the prepared three Al2O3 dispersion strengthened copper alloys are 81.0%(IACS), 64.1%(IACS) and 48.3%(IACS), and 77.3, 85.7 and 81.3 HRB, respectively. After being heat-treated in hydrogen at 1080 ℃for 2 h, the hardness of three sintered alloys is almost unchanged. In general, the dispersion strengthened copper alloy with 0.34% Al2O3 prepared by HVC has good comprehensive performances and its electrical conductivity, hardness and softening resistance at high temperature can meet the basic requirement of the practical application used as spot welding electrodes.
Key words: copper alloy; Al2O3 dispersion strengthened copper alloy; high-velocity compaction; electrical conductivity; hardness
