(中南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院 有色金屬資源化學(xué)教育部重點實驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用電解剝離-浸出正極材料、P204萃取除鋁、秸稈硫酸浸出電池渣、草酸沉鈷等工藝回收廢舊鋰電池中的鈷。結(jié)果表明：經(jīng)過20~30 min的電解剝離，實現(xiàn)了電池粉與鋁箔的分離，鈷的浸出率為50%，電流效率為70%；通過兩次P204錯流萃取除鋁后，萃余液中Al3+含量可以降到0.4 mg/L，而鈷卻未損失；燕麥秸稈粉-硫酸浸出電池渣中鈷的最佳工藝條件如下：硫酸2 mol/L、1 g電池渣加入0.5~0.7 g麥稈粉，固液比1:10，在80~90 ℃反應(yīng)1~2 h，鈷的浸出率達到98%以上；經(jīng)三級浸出，COD的含量可降至1.3 g/L左右；草酸沉鈷調(diào)節(jié)溶液溫度為50 ℃，pH為2，保持n( )/n( )=1，1 h后鈷的一次沉淀率達到92%以上，濾液pH為0.2，其濾液可作為電解浸出液循環(huán)使用。
關(guān)鍵字: 廢舊鋰電池；電解剝離；浸出；生物質(zhì)酸浸；草酸鈷
（College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University,
Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Cobalt was recycled from spent Li-ion battery through the electrolytic stripping-leaching cathode material, P204 extraction Al, straw sulphuric acid leaching battery slag and oxalate precipitating cobalt. The results show that the battery powder can be separated from aluminum foil after 20-30 min electrolytic stripping process, the cobalt leaching rate is 50% and current efficiency is 70%. After two-stage P204 cross-flow extraction, Al3+ remained in the raffinate can be dropped to 0.4 mg/L, and cobalt is not lose. Under the condition of sulfuric acid concentration 2 mol/L, adding 0.5-0.7 g straw powder into 1g battery slag, and liquid-solid ratio 1:10, the cobalt leaching rate is over 98% after 1-2 h in 80-90 ℃. After three-stage leaching process, COD content can drop to about 1.3 g/L. In oxalate precipitating process, adjusting the pH of solution to 2, keeping n( )/n( ) of 1, cobalt precipitation rate is above 92% after 1h reaction under 50 ℃, and pH of the filtrate is 0.2, which can be circulated used as electrolytic leaching liquid.
Key words: spent Li-ion battery; electrolytic stripping; leaching; biomass acid leaching; CoC2O4
