(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 云南錫業(yè)集團公司 元江鎳業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司，元江 653308)
摘 要: 研究高鎂鐵質(zhì)紅土鎳礦硫酸浸出液中鎳的高效提取方法。通過在d 150 mm×1800 mm PVC柱中填充12 L CN27離子交換樹脂，對高鎂鐵質(zhì)紅土鎳礦硫酸浸出液進行動態(tài)吸附。研究初始液pH、Ni2+和Fe2+的質(zhì)量濃度、流速、吸附時間等參數(shù)對樹脂有效吸附量和吸附效率的影響。結(jié)果表明：初始液中Ni2+質(zhì)量濃度2.5 g/L、pH 3～5、流速1.0 L/min、樹脂飽和吸附時的有效利用率達85%~93%，樹脂吸附Ni2+的最高有效吸附量可達58.0 g/kg；初始液中Ni2+質(zhì)量濃度2.5 g/L、pH 4.5、流速1.0 L/min時，吸附后液Ni2+質(zhì)量濃度1.0 mg/L時，樹脂吸附Ni2+的有效吸附量可達41.8~42.0 g/kg，富集液中Ni2+的富集倍數(shù)達到25以上，鎳離子的質(zhì)量濃度提高到54 g/L以上；初始液中Fe2+的質(zhì)量濃度增加，樹脂對鎳的吸附量降低，不僅會導(dǎo)致富集液中Ni2+的質(zhì)量濃度降低，富集液中Fe2+的質(zhì)量濃度也會增加。離子交換吸附不但能使低濃度含鎳溶液富集到滿足鎳電積工藝的要求，且能對雜質(zhì)進行有效分離。
關(guān)鍵字: 紅土鎳礦；濕法冶金；離子交換；低濃度鎳富集
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China;
2. Yuanjiang Nickel Corporation Limited Yunnan Tin Group Corporation Limited, Yuanjiang 653308, China）
Abstract:An efficient method for extracting nickel from leaching solution of nickel-bearing laterite was carried out. A PVC column (d 150 mm×1800 mm) filled with 12 L CN27 ion exchange resins was employed to enrich nickel ions from the sulfuric acid leaching solution of nickel-bearing laterite coexisting with high concentration of magnesium and iron ions. The effects of operational parameters on the valid adsorption quantity and efficiency of resin were studied, such as pH in initial solution, mass concentrations of Ni2+ and Fe2+ and flow velocity, as well as contact time. The results indicate that effective utilization efficiency and adsorption capacity are 85%-93% and 58.0 g/kg, respectively, while the resin becomes saturated under the conditions of Ni2+ initial mass concentration of 2.5 g/L, pH of 4.5, and flow velocity of 1.0 L/min. Moreover, the valid adsorption capacity can reach 41.8-42.0 g/kg when controlling Ni mass concentration of drainage under 1.0 mg/L under the conditions of Ni2+ initial mass concentration of 2.5 g/L, pH of 4.5, and flow velocity of 1.0 L/min, and the obtained solution contains more than 54 g/L Ni2+, which is 25 times more than that in the initial solution. Finally, the nickel adsorption on the resin will decrease when the content of Fe in the initial solution increases, resulting in the lower Ni2+ concentration in the rich solution as well as the Fe concentration increases in the rich solution. The dilute nickel solution can be effectively enriched by ion-exchange adsorption to a much higher concentration that meets the electrowinning process, and also effectively removes the impurities.
Key words: nickel-bearing laterite; hydrometallurgy; ion exchange; low nickel concentration enrichment
